Bulletin  of  the  Museum  of  Comparative  Zoology 

AT  HARVARD  COLLEGE. 

VOL.  LVIII.     No.  11. 


NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT. 


BY  H.  F.  WICKHAM. 


WITH  SIXTEEN  PLATBS. 


CAMBRIDGE,  MASS.,  U.  S.  A.: 

PRINTED    FOR   THE   MUSEUM. 

DECEMBER,  1914. 


No.  11. —  New    Miocene   Coleoptera  from   Florissant. 
BY  H.  F.  WICKHAM. 

THE  very  rich  Coleopterous  fauna  of  the  Florissant  shales  was  first 
studied  by  Dr.  S.  H.  Scudder.  He  monographed  the  Rhynchophora 
as  long  ago  as  1893  and  seven  years  later  published  descriptions  of 
the  Adephaga  and  Clavicornia,  with  a  few  scattering  members  of 
other  groups,  expressing  at  the  time  his  hope  of  completing  the  history 
at  some  later  date.  Illness  and  death  intervened  to  prevent  the  fulfil- 
ment of  this  hope  and  general  interest  in  the  subject  was  so  small  that, 
with  the  exception  of  the  description  of  half  a  dozen  species  by  Cock- 
erell  and  Beutenmueller,  no  more  of  the  beetles  were  characterized 
for  nearly  a  decade.  Meanwhile  several  expeditions  to  the  field  had 
been  made  by  various  parties  under  Professor  Cockerell  which  proved 
so  productive  that,  upon  the  Coleoptera  being  submitted  to  me  for 
examination,  I  was  led  to  undertake  a  study  not  only  of  this  material 
but  also  of  that  in  the  United  States  National  Museum  and  the 
Princeton  Geological  Museum  in  the  attempt  to  make  the  mass  of 
specimens  available  for  comparative  statistical  research  in  palaeontol- 
ogy. Later,  I  was  able  to  make  two  trips  to  Florissant  and  to  secure 
many  additional  species,  especially  those  of  small  size.  The  combined 
results,  so  far  as  published,  allowed  my  description  of  172  new  forms, 
which,  with  the  210  already  made  known  by  Scudder  and  the  6  de- 
scribed by  Cockerell  and  Beutenmueller,  raised  the  total  number  of 
species  from  these  shales  to  388.  The  present  paper  includes  86 
novelties,  while  another,  now  in  press,  adds  20  more,  thus  giving  a 
known  fauna  of  494  Coleoptera  from  this  one  locality.  Perhaps  sixty 
or  eighty  more  remain  in  my  hands  for  study  and  it  is  hoped  that  the 
investigation  may  be  completed  within  a  reasonable  time.  When  the 
descriptive  work  is  finished  and  the  check  list  compiled,  we  shall  have 
a  basis  for  detailed  comparisons  with  ancient  and  modern  faunae 
sufficiently  extensive  to  promise  a  fair  degree  of  accuracy  in  our  con- 
clusions. 

In  this  paper,  I  have  confined  myself,  as  far  as  descriptive  work  is 
concerned,  to  material  from  the  S.  H.  Scudder  collections,  now  the 
property  of  the  Museum  of  Comparative  Zoology.  This  is  very  rich 


424 


BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 


in  beautiful  specimens  representing  over  a  hundred  undescribed  species 
and  was  very  kindly  thrown  open  to  me  by  the  Museum  authorities. 
At  the  time  of  my  visit,  it  was  tentatively  arranged  in  drawers  accord- 
ing to  families.  In  some  cases,  a  study  of  the  specimens  showed  the 
need  of  another  assignment  and  in  consequence  the  finished  result  of 
the  examination  does  not  exactly  agree  with  the  provisional  numerical 
list  of  species  by  families  of  Dr.  Scudder.  For  instance,  there  are  no 
Histeridae  in  the  lot,  though  he  speaks  of  having  two.  Some  other 
groups  run  considerably  below  his  estimate  while  certain  families 
that  he  had  not  recognized  at  all  are  represented.  I  do  not  care  to  give 
out  complete  figures  in  advance  of  working  over  the  still  unstudied 
material  that  I  have  from  other  sources,  but  it  will  be  worth  while  to 
make  some  remarks  based  upon  what  has  been  done. 

A  i  examination  of  the  Florissant  species  included  in  the  three  Phy- 
tophagous families,  Cerambycidae,  Chrysomelidae,  and  Bruchidae, 
shows  a  curious  state  of  affairs  when  compared  with  coincident  assem- 
blages in  North  America  of  today.  For  the  sake  of  showing  this 
readily,  I  have  compiled  a  table  from  published  lists  which  will  indicate, 
roughly  at  least,  the  relative  specific  differentiation  in  these  families 
in  several  widely  separated  areas.  I  have  given  also  the  correspond- 
ing figures  of  the  Florissant  fossil  fauna. 


A 

Chrys. 

:tual  numbe 
Ceramb. 

rs 
Bruch. 

Re 
Chrys. 

latlve  frequ 
Ceramb. 

ency 
Bruch. 

Iowa. 

193 

122    ' 

10 

100 

63  + 

5  + 

Cincinnati. 

161 

142 

8 

100 

88+ 

5- 

Dist.  Columbia. 

233 

174 

23 

100 

75- 

10- 

Indiana. 

265 

147 

15 

100 

55  + 

6- 

Colorado. 

205 

113 

10 

100 

55+ 

5- 

Bayfield,  Wis. 

50 

59 

0 

100 

118 

0 

Alaska. 

12 

17 

0 

100 

142- 

0 

Florissant. 

26 

25 

16 

100 

96  + 

62- 

This  table  has  to  do  with  species,  not  with  specimens.  In  the  sec- 
tion devoted  to  relative  frequencies,  I  have  taken  that  of  the  Chryso- 
melidae to  be  100  in  order  to  get  a  uniform  standard  of  comparison. 
It  will  be  noted  at  once  that  the  Florissant  ratio  between  the  Chryso- 
melidae and  Cerambycidae  is,  relatively  speaking,  not  strikingly  out  of 
proportion  with  that  shown  between  these  families  in  Ohio  and  the 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.   425 

District  of  Columbia.  It  diverges  more  widely  from  the  percentages 
shown  in  Iowa,  Indiana,  and  Colorado,  while  compared  with  Alaska 
and  the  southern  shore  of  Lake  Superior  the  Chrysomelidae  are  better 
represented  at  Lake  Florissant.  The  Bruchidae  show  such  a  marked 
disparity  as  to  call  for  instant  comment  —  for  while  in  the  modern 
lists  cited  they  constitute  at  the  most  less  than  ten  per  cent  as  great  a 
number  of  species  as  the  Chrysomelidae,  in  the  Florissant  fauna  they 
reach  nearly  sixty-two  per  cent.  Unfortunately  no  good  or  relatively 
complete  lists  of  all  three  families  exist  for  localities  in  the  southwestern 
states,  but  it  is  well  known  that  the  Bruchidae  are  more  abundantly 
differentiated  specifically  in  that  district.  The  combined  lists  of 
Schaeffer  and  Snow  comprise  24  Bruchidae  from  Brownsville,  Texas, 
while  Schaeffer  records  15  species  of  this  family  from  the  Huachuca 
Mountains  of  Arizona.  In  neither  locality  is  there  any  pronounced 
poverty  of  Chrysomelidae,  however,  so  that  the  relative  development 
of  the  two  families  is  totally  different  from  that  seen  at  Florissant.  It 
seems  that  the  Bruchidae,  like  the  Rhynchophora,  were  relatively  more 
abundantly  represented  by  specific  forms  than  was  the  case  with  most 
of  our  modern  families. 

Another  striking  discrepancy  in  specific  representation  is  found  in 
the  Byrrhidae.  Eight  species  are  recognized  from  Florissant,  all  of 
good  size  and  none  belonging  to  the  Limnichini.  If  we  exclude  Lim- 
nichus  from  consideration,  none  of  the  recent  lists  cited  contains  so 
many,  though  we  may  assume  that  the  faunae  of  their  respective 
regions  are  much  better  known  than  that  of  the  ancient  lake. 

From  these  considerations,  we  are  justified  in  believing  that  the 
proportional  development  of  the  various  coleopterous  families  during 
the  Miocene  times  differed,  sometimes  very  decidedly,  from  that  ob- 
taining today.  Consequently  we  should  be  conservative  in  using 
data  derived  from  comparison  of  these  lists  with  recent  ones  as  bases 
of  conclusions  as  to  probable  climatic  conditions. 

Regarding  the  citation  of  catalogue  numbers,  I  have  followed  Dr. 
Scudder's  plan  of  joining  by  "and"  those  which  belong  to  a  single 
individual  with  its  counterpart.  The  drawings  of  the  new  species 
are  all  made  by  myself  with  a  camera  lucida  and  are  intended  to  show 
the  form,  the  outlines  of  the  principal  sclerites  and  the  courses  of  the 
chief  lines  of  sculpture.  Restoration  has  been  avoided.  In  a  few 
cases,  where  the  members  of  different  sides  were  unlike  through  dis- 
tortion both  have  been  drawn  in  enlarged  detail  without  special  com- 
ment. 


426  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

CARABIDAE. 

BEMBIDIUM  OBDUCTUM  Scudder. 

One  poor  specimen,  No.  2,426  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  6,529  S.  H.  Scudder 
Coll.)  seems  to  belong  here. 

AMARA  REVOCATA  Scudder. 

Two  examples,  No.  2,427  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  3,233  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.); 
No.  2,428  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  5,580  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.)  are  referred  to  this 
species  though  neither  is  in  good  condition. 

AMARA  POWELLII  Scudder. 
One  specimen,  No.  2,429  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  264  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

AMARA  COCKERELLI  Wickham. 

A  single  specimen,  No.  2,430  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  7,008  S.  H.  Scudder 
Coll.)  referred  here  without  much  doubt. 

DYTISCIDAE. 

BlDESSUS   LAMINARUM,   Sp.    nOV. 

Plate  1,  fig.  1. 

Form  similar  to  that  of  the  recent  B.  affinis.  The  specimen  shows 
either  a  ventral  view  or  the  dorsal  aspect  of  an  insect  from  which  the 
elytra  have  been  lost  and  gives  no  sculptural  characters  of  any  value. 
The  prosternum  is  like  that  of  recent  Bidessus,  but  the  sutures  be- 
tween the  proximal  abdominal  segments  are  more  distinct  than  in  the 
living  form  with  which  I  have  compared  it.  Length,  2.25  mm. 

Described  from  a  single  specimen. 

Type—  No.  2,431  M. C. Z.  Florissant, Col.  (No.  1 1,166 S.  H.  Scud- 
der Coll.).  The  stone  carries  a  small  parasitic  Hymenopteron  on  the 
same  side  as  the  Bidessus,  while  on  the  opposite  face  is  Dr.  Scudder's 
number,  cited  above,  and  the  insect  to  which  it  originally  referred. 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.    427 

The  beetle  is  surely  a  small  dytiscid  and  since  it  bears  so  close  a 
resemblance  to  recent  species  of  Bidessus  it  seems  well  to  refer  it  here. 
Considering  the  small  size,  it  is  fairly  well  preserved.  It  is  one  of  the 
smallest  insects  known  from  the  Florissant  shales. 

COELAMBUS  MIOCENUS  Wickham. 

One  specimen,  No.  2,432  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  5,869  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.) 
in  poorer  preservation  than  the  type. 

HYDROPORUS  SEDIMENTORUM,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  1,  fig.  2. 

Form  short  and  stout,  something  like  that  of  the  recent  H.  rivalis 
and  allied  species.  Head  large.  Prothorax  distorted,  but  evidently 
nearly  three  times  as  broad  as  long.  Coxal  plates  strongly  and 
coarsely  punctured,  the  punctures  more  or  less  confluent.  Sternum 
between  the  plates  similarly  but  hardly  as  strongly  or  thickly  punctate, 
abdominal  sculpture  much  finer.  Hind  leg  stout.  Length,  as  pre- 
served, 3.25  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,433  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  2,905  S.  H.  Scud- 
der Coll.). 

Distinguishable  at  first  sight  from  Coelambus  miocenus  by  the  dif- 
ferent form  of  the  coxal  plates  as  well  as  by  that  of  the  body.  The 
state  of  preservation  is  not  very  satisfactory  but  I  think  that  the 
outlines  of  the  structures  of  the  underside  are  properly  delineated. 
None  of  the  characters  of  the  upper  surface  can  be  made  out.  I 
use  the  term  Hydroporus  in  a  broad  sense,  not  being  able  to  determine 
which  of  the  genera  of  Hydroporini  this  insect  should  enter. 

HYDROPHILIDAE. 

TROPISTERNUS  LIMITATUS  Scudder. 
One  specimen,  No.  2,434  (No.  3,807  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

TROPISTERNUS  VANUS  Scudder. 

The  only  specimen  No.  2,435  M.  C.  Z.  is  without  original  number 
and  is  evidently  the  counterpart  of  the  one  figured  by  Scudder. 


428  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 


PHILHYDRUS  SCUDDERI  Wickham. 

Represented  by  one  specimen,  No.  2,436  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  9,712  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.),  slightly  smaller  than  my  type  but  exhibiting  almost 
exactly  the  same  proportions  in  length  and  breadth.  It  measures 
4.50  mm.  in  length  and  2.25  mm.  in  width. 


HYDROBIUS  TITAN  Wickham. 
One  specimen,  No.  2,437  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  10,411  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

SILPHIDAE. 

SlLPHA   BEUTENMUELLERI,   sp.   nov. 

Plate  1,  fig.  3. 

Described  from  an  elytron  only,  which  is  apparently  a  little  broken 
at  apex  and  much  more  so  at  base,  but  judging  from  the  costae  is 
approximately  of  its  full  original  length.  Sutural  margin  with  well- 
defined  bead,  disk  sharply  tricostate,  the  costae  nearly  straight, 
slightly  convergent  apically,  subequidistant,  the  inner  separated  from 
the  suture  by  a  distance  markedly  greater  than  the  intercostal  width. 
The  outer  costa,  at  middle,  is  about  three  fourths  as  far  from  the  outer 
margin  as  from  the  suture,  while  exterior  to  it  and  separated  from  it 
by  a  space  about  equal  to  that  between  the  suture  and  the  inner  costa 
is  a  deep  groove  extending  the  entire  elytral  length.  Apex  probably 
bluntly  rounded.  Punctuation  well  defined  over  nearly  the  entire 
surface,  the  punctures  sharp  and  rather  distant,  finer  at  apex  and 
(possibly  on  account  of  the  state  of  preservation)  not  distinguishable 
exteriorly  to  the  lateral  groove.  Length  a  trifle  over  10  mm. 

The  single  specimen  is  without  counterpart. 

Type  —  No.  2,438  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  5,111  S.  H.  Scudder 
Coll.). 

At  first,  I  had  intended  to  refer  this  elytron  to  Necrodes  primaevus 
from  these  shales.  In  length,  the  elytra  of  the  two  differ  only  about 
1  mm.,  but  the  description  of  N.  primaevus  states  that  "except  for  the 
much  shorter  elytra  it  is  difficult  to  separate  this  species  by  any  tangi- 
ble characters  from  the  living  N.  surinamensis."  It  seems  unlikely 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.    429 

that  the  two  authors,  Beutenmueller  and  Cockerell,  would  have  over- 
looked so  striking  a  difference  as  the  spacing  of  the  costae,  which,  in 
N.  surinamensis,  are  about  equidistant  from  each  other  and  from  the 
suture  as  well,  while  the  distance  from  the  exterior  costa  to  the  margin 
is  relatively  much  less  than  in  S.  beutenmuelleri.  The  last  species 
seems  to  have  almost  exactly  the  same  arrangement  of  costae  and 
groove  as  the  recent  European  S.  tyrolensis  but  the  punctuation  is 
finer  and  much  better  separated  in  the  fossil.  In  this  character  it 
closely  approaches  the  recent  North  American  S.  noveboracensis. 
The  insect  is  named  for  Mr.  William  Beutenmueller  of  New  York. 


STAPHYLINIDAE. 
PHILONTHUS  MARCIDULUS  Scudder. 

One  good  specimen,  No.  2,439  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  10,294  S.  H.  Scudder 
Coll.). 

LAASBIUM  AGASSIZII  Scudder. 
One  example,  No.  2,440  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  1,229  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

COCCINELLIDAE. 

COCCINELLA   FLORISSANTENSIS,   Sp.   nOV. 

Plate  1,  fig.  4. 

Form  a  little  more  elongate  than  in  most  of  the  recent  North  Ameri- 
can species.  Head  in  poor  preservation,  the  outline  broken.  Pro- 
thorax  short,  sides  not  very  well  preserved  but  evidently  arcuate  and 
convergent  anteriorly,  apex  much  narrower  than  the  base.  Scutel- 
lum  minute.  Elytra  without  distinguishable  maculation,  estriate, 
outer  edge  margined  but  imperfect  in  the  specimen.  Upper  surface 
extremely  minutely  alutaceous  as  in  many  recent  Coccinellidae.  Legs 
wanting.  Length,  5.95  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,441  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  8,884  S.  H.  Scud- 
der Coll.). 

The  strongest  reasons  for  placing  this  insect  in  the  Coccinellidae  are 


430 


BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 


found  in  the  form  and  particularly  in  the  sculpture.  My  first  impres- 
sion was  that  it  belonged  in  Hippodamia  but  the  pronotum  is  much 
more  like  that  of  Coccinella  and  it  seems  better  to  place  it  in  the  latter 
genus  for  the  present.  The  outline  was  probably  similar  to  that  of 
the  recent  C.  tnfasciata  and  less  rotund  than  in  the  Florissant  fossil 
C.  sodoma.  The  generic  reference  must  be  understood  in  the  broad 
sense,  as  it  is  not  likely  that  the  insect  was  a  true  Coccinella. 

EROTYLIDAE. 

TRITOMA  DILUVIANA,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  1,  fig.  5-6. 

Form  elongate,  much  like  the  recent  T.f estiva.  Under  surface  of  head 
closely,  and,  relatively  to  the  size  of  the  insect,  moderately  coarsely 
punctured  at  the  sides.  Eyes  elliptical  as  seen  from  below,  of  normal 
Antennae  about  equal  in  length  to  two  thirds  of  the  prothoracic 
basal  width  club  composed  of  three  subequal  joints.  Prothoracic 
length  at  middle  about  four  sevenths  of  the  basal  width,  sides  con- 
vergent anteriorly  and  nearly  straight  in  the  type,  apex  about  one  fifth 
narrower  than  the  base,  front  angles  prominent,  punctuation  finer  than 
A£!  i  S°~ and  metasternal  areas  obscurely  punctate 

Abdominal  punctuation  moderately  coarse  but  shallow  and  well  sepa- 
rated.    Legs  not  preserved.     Length,  5.25  mm.,  in  life  a  little  less 
Described  from  one  specimen  showing  the  underside 
Type-  No  2,442  M.  C.  Z.    Florissant,  Col.    (No.  4,512  S.  H.  Scud- 

evTd     t \         2'443  M"  C"  Z"  (N°-  g'm  S-  H'  S""^  C°»')  » 
evidently  the  same  species  though  not  the  counterpart  of  the  type 

In  the  second  specimen,  the  sides  of  the  prothorax  are  well  preserved 
are  seen  to  be  regularly  but  gently  rounded  from  the  base  similarly 

the  recent  T.  thoracica  or  T.  flavicolli*.  This  species  is  easily  dis- 
tmguished  from  the  Florissant  fossils  T.  matcrna  and  T.  submJsa  by 
its  greater  size  and  more  elongate  form. 

COLYDIIDAE. 

RHAGODERIDEA,  gen.  nov. 

General  outline  of  Rhagodera,  but  with  the  margins  entire  or  nearly 
so.     tlytral  sculpture  weaker  than  in  Rhagodera,  striatopunctate. 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.    431 

Antennae  apparently  9-jointed,  the  basal  (visible)  joint  stouter  than  the 
apparent  second,  the  third,  fourth,  fifth,  and  sixth  subequal  but  only 
about  half  the  length  of  the  second.  Club  3-jointed,  gradually  formed. 
It  is  possible  that  the  true  basal  joint  is  concealed  in  which  case  each 
of  those  noted  above  should  be  moved  up  one  number  in  the  series. 
Type. —  R.  striata,  sp.  nov. 

RHAGODERIDEA  STRIATA,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  1,  fig.  7-9. 

Form  moderately  elongate,  subparallel.  Head  of  good  size,  roughly 
punctate,  not  so  wide  as  the  prothorax.  Eyes  not  defined.  Antennae 
rather  short,  reaching  only  slightly  beyond  the  middle  of  the  prothorax. 
Pronotum  with  only  one  side  well  preserved,  but  the  length  is  evidently 
much  less  than  the  width,  base  and  apex  apparently  subequal,  side 
margin  not  or  scarcely  crenulate,  a  little  reflexed,  sculpture  a  rough 
punctuation  similar  to  that  of  the  head.  Elytra  about  three  and  one 
half  times  as  long  as  the  prothorax,  each  with  something  more  than 
eight  fine  but  moderately  deep  punctate  striae,  the  stnal  punctures 
of  the  same  row  close  together.  Interspaces  apparently  transversely 
wrinkled,  somewhat  cancellate  near  the  elytral  margins.  Legs  want 
ing.  Length,  5.60  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.— No.  2,444  M.  C.  Z.     Florissant,  Col.  (No.  7,001 
Scudder  Coll.). 

While  this  beetle  seems  to  be  a  colydiid,  it  disagrees  in  important 
characters  with  all  the  genera  known  to  me.  It  is  not  at  all  surpris- 
ing that  insects  like  the  Colydiidae  become  extinct,  since  they  are 
highly  specialized  forms  and  are  frequently  very  closely  adapted  to 
some  particular  habitat.  This  one  is  of  large  size  for  the  family. 
It  has  something  the  appearance  of  Rhagodera  but  is  not  closely 
allied  in  any  of  the  visible  characters,  even  the  sculpture  being  di 
ent. 

CUCUJIDAE. 

PEDIACUS  PERICLITANS  Scudder. 

One  specimen,  No.  2,445  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  8,135  S.  H  Scudder  Coll.) 
It  is  like  the  type  figure  except  that  the  antennal  club  is  a  tr 
pronounced. 


432  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

CRYPTOPHAGIDAE. 
CRYPTOPHAGUS  SCUDDERI,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  2,  fig.  1-2. 

Form  stout.  Head  moderately  large,  closely  and  deeply  sculptured 
with  circular  punctures.  Eyes  not  definable.  Antennae  with  the  first 
joint  much  enlarged  and  thickened,  intermediate  ones  submoniliform, 
club  fairly  strong  and  three  jointed.  Prothorax  nearly  twice  as  wide 
as  long,  base  a  little  narrower  than  the  apex,  sides  nearly  straight 
posteriorly,  broadly  arcuate  in  front  of  the  middle,  surface  punctate 
very  similarly  to  the  head.  Elytra  broader  than  the  prothorax,  apices 
rounded,  surface  rather  finely  scabropunctate.  Legs  not  preserved 
Length,  3  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen  with  counterpart 

*  *S^~*NQ  ^  n'44?  M>  C'  Z"     Florissant'  Co1'  (No.  3,334  and 
5,880  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

Differs  from  C.  bassleri  in  being  larger  and  of  more  elongate  form. 
In.  is  also  some  difference  in  the  proportions  of  the  antennal  joints 
but  these  are  none  too  clear  in  the  present  specimen  so  I  do  not  like 
to  lay  too  much  stress  upon  this  character.  The  detail  sketch  is  made 
from  the  reverse  of  the  specimen  which  served  for  the  outline  of  the 
entire  insect. 

CRYPTOPHAGUS  BASSLERI  Wickham. 
One  specimen,  No.  2,448  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  -  ?  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

DERMESTIDAE. 
DERMESTES  TERTIARIUS  Wickham. 


T  '  C'  Z"  (N°'  7'«»'  *****  S'  * 

.).     The  latter  is  a  little  smaller  but  otherwise  is  similar. 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.    433 
LATHRIDIIDAE. 

CORTICARIA  OCCLUSA,   Sp.    HOV. 

Plate  2,  fig.  3. 

Form  moderately  elongate.  Head  large,  finely  punctured,  nearly 
as  wide  as  the  prothorax  and  not  much  shorter  though  the  anterior 
margin  is  not  well  defined  and  is  probably  somewhat  extended  in  ap- 
parent length  by  confusion  with  the  crushed  mouthparts.  Eyes  and 
antennae  not  definable.  Prothorax  about  one  half  broader  than  long, 
sides  moderately  arcuate,  disk  punctured  somewhat  more  coarsely 
than  the  head.  Elytra  rather  coarsely,  closely,  but  not  deeply  punc- 
tured, with  no  sign  of  strial  arrangement.  Legs  wanting.  Length, 
to  abdominal  apex,  3.10  mm. 

Described  from  a  single  specimen. 

Type.— No.  2,451  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  7,109  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

This  is  smaller  and  rather  more  evidently  punctured  than  C.  petre- 
facta.  In  life,  with  the  abdomen  in  normal  position,  it  would  be  of 
about  the  same  size  as  the  recent  C.  pubescens. 

CORTICARIA  PETREFACTA  Wickham. 

Two  specimens,  one  with  counterpart,  No.  2,452-2,454  M.  C.  Z. 
(No.  7,711,  520  and  1,020  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

CORTICARIA  EGREGIA,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  2,  fig.  4. 

Form  moderately  elongate.  Head  about  equal  in  length  to  the 
prothorax,  finely,  evenly  and  very  closely  punctate.  Prothorax  about 
one  and  one  half  times  as  broad  as  long,  the  apparently  unbroken  side 
nearly  straight,  apex  not  much  narrowed,  surface  extremely  closely 
punctate,  more  strongly  and  coarsely  than  the  head.  Elytra,  taken 
conjointly,  about  one  and  one  half  times  the  prothoracic  width,  punc- 
tuation confused,  much  sparser  and  apparently  a  trifle  coarser  than 
that  of  the  prothorax.  Legs  wanting.  Length,  to  abdominal  apex, 
4.25  mm. 


434  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,455  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  7,305  S.  H.  Scud- 
der Coll.). 

Probably  not  a  true  Corticaria,  but  having  the  form  of  that  genus 
it  will  be  sought  for  in  this  place.  There  is  no  evidence  of  hairs,  even 
under  high  power.  The  large  size  will  separate  it  from  similar 
Florissant  species. 

BYRRHIDAE. 
NOSOTETOCUS  VESPERTINUS  Scudder. 

One  specimen,  with  counterpart,  No.  2,456,  2,457  M   C    Z    (No 
8,196  and  9,054  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

NOSOTETOCUS  DEBILIS  Scudder. 

Two  specimens,  No.  2,458,  2,459  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  7,687,  11,246  S.  H. 
ocudder  Coll.). 

BYRRHUS  ROMINGERI  Scudder. 
One  specimen,  No.  2,460  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  6,389  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

CHELONARIUM  MONTANUM,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  2,  fig.  5. 

terlT  ™ghly.ellipticaL     Head  Projecting  slightly  beyond  the  an- 

^^SA^^^^^  bcharacthershof  interest 

middle  and  sinuate  laterally,  apex  rounded,  sideTstmngly  convergent 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

der  Coll.).  '    °  '  '      "  ^»975  S.  H.  Scud- 

This  beetle  has  something  the  aspect  of  a  Brachys,  but  the  thoracic 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.   435 

front  margin  seems  to  have  nearly  or  quite  concealed  the  head  during 
life.  The  sculpture  is  very  fine  throughout  but  in  places  the  elytra 
show  traces  of  punctulate  striae.  The  pronotum  is  margined  at  the 
sides.  While  I  have  no  specimens  of  recent  Chelonarium  for  compari- 
son, I  think  that  the  reference  to  this  genus  is  fairly  safe,  since,  in  all 
visible  characters,  the  agreement  is  close  to  the  description  of  LeConte 
and  the  figure  of  Lacordaire  (Genera  des  Coleopteres,  Atlas,  Plate  24, 
fig.  4.).  This  correspondence  extends  even  to  the  crimping  of  the 
pronotal  base  as  will  be  seen  by  examining  the  cited  figure  with  a 
magnifying  glass.  Chelonarium  is  found  in  Florida  and  Central 
America  and  the  occurrence  of  this  fossil  adds  another  distinctively 
southern  form  to  the  Florissant  fauna. 


PARNIDAE. 

PSEPHENUS  LUTULENTUS  Scudder. 

One  specimen,  No.  2,462  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  11,659  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.), 
evidently  the  counterpart  of  the  one  figured  by  Scudder. 

DRYOPS  ERUPTUS  Wickham. 

Two  specimens,  No.  2,463,  2,464  (No.  6,  8,329  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.), 
appear  to  belong  here. 

DRYOPS  TENUIOR  Wickham. 

A  single  specimen,  No.  2,465  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  3,756  S.  H.  Scudder 
Coll.)  is  in  fairly  good  condition.  It  does  not  show  the  lines  of  elytral 
punctures  which  are  faintly  indicated  in  the  type,  but  agrees  in  other 
characters. 

DASCYLLIDAE. 
PROTACNAEUS,  gen.  nov. 

Form  similar  to  that  of  Acnaeus  or  Ectopria,  short,  oblong  ovate. 
Head  of  rather  large  size,  antennae,  in  one  sex  at  least,  filiform.  An- 
terior coxae  contiguous.  Middle  coxae  rather  small,  oblique,  distinctly 


436  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

but  not  widely  separated.  Hind  coxae  oval,  transverse,  contiguous 
or  nearly  so.  Abdominal  segments  subequal  except  the  first  and  last 
which  are  longer. 

Type. —  P.  tenuicornis,  sp.  nov. 


PROTACNAEUS  TENUICORNIS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  4,  fig.  5. 

Form  short,  stout.  Head  incompletely  preserved  but  of  large  size. 
Eye  large,  rounded.  Antennae  probably  broken  and  with  the  joints 
of  the  proximal  half  not  distinguishable  as  such,  those  of  the  distal 
half  slender  and  about  twice  as  long  as  wide.  Prothorax  broad  at 
base,  narrowed  to  apex  the  sides  poorly  preserved.  Elytron,  seen 
from  beneath,  showing  traces  of  strial  punctures,  neither  deep  nor 
coarse,  the  striae  moderately  distant,  punctures  round,  those  of  each 
row  separated  by  about  their  own  diameters.  Underside  of  trunk 
not  visibly  sculptured.  Legs  wanting.  Length,  to  tip  of  abdomen, 
4.60  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.— No.  2,466  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No  9  227  S  H 
Scudder  Coll.). 

Like  the  other  Florissant  Dascyllidae,  this  species  fails  to  agree  very 
well  with  the  living  forms.  It  seems  to  require  a  new  genus  for  its 
reception.  It  belongs  to  the  Eubriini  near  Acnaeus  which  occurs 
today  on  our  Pacific  coast. 

MIOCYPHON,  gen.  nov. 

Body  form  similar  to  that  of  the  elongate  species  of  Cyphon  An- 
tennae widely  separated  at  base,  11-jointed,  basal  joint  obscured, 
second  smaller  than  the  third,  third  to  seventh  subequal,  scarcely 
serrate,  distinctly  longer  than  wide,  eighth  to  eleventh  longer,  though 
not  excessively  so,  a  little  wider  than  those  preceding.  Coxae  not  well 
defined  on  account  of  portions  of  the  legs  remaining  in  place,  obscuring 
the  view,  but  the  front  pair  were  approximate  or  contiguous,  the  middle 
weU  separated,  the  posterior  nearly  or  quite  contiguous. 

lype. —  M.  punctulatus,  sp.  nov. 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.    437 

MlOCYPHON   PUNCTULATUS,   Sp.    HOV. 

Plate  2,  fig.  6-8. 

Form  elongate,  oblong-elliptical.  Head  of  moderate  size,  eye  large, 
rounded,  antennae  slender,  scarcely  serrate,  in  life  reaching  only  about 
to  the  base  of  the  elytra.  Prothorax  broad,  sides  arcuate,  base  evi- 
dently much  broader  than  the  apex.  Elytron  broad,  subtruncate  at 
tip,  the  surface  finely,  irregularly,  and  sparsely  punctulate,  the  punc- 
tures showing  in  places  some  disposition  to  form  rows.  Legs  in  too 
poor  condition  for  description.  Length,  8  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type  — No.  2,467  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  454  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

Although  of  a  puzzling  nature,  it  seems  that  the  family  Dascyllidae 
may  be  utilized  as  a  place  for  this  insect.  The  characters  which  have 
led  me  to  this  assignment  are  to  be  found  in  the  form,  texture,  and 
punctuation,  the  coxal  structure,  and  the  length  of  the  distal  antennal 
joints.  This  last  feature  is  not  truly  characteristic  of  the  Dascyllidae 
but  occurs  there,  while  in  most  of  the  other  families  to  which  the  fossil 
might  at  first  sight  be  referred  the  distal  joints  are  shortened.  I  do 
not  find  any  characters  sufficiently  suggestive  to  give  a  clue  as  to 
which  tribe  the  insect  should  enter. 


ELATERIDAE. 

EUCNEMIS   ANTIQUATUS,   Sp.   nOV. 

Plate  2,  fig.  9. 

Form  subparallel,  not  very  slender.  Head  crushed  too  badly  for 
description.  Antennae  with  the  intermediate  joints  strongly  serrate, 
approximately  one  half  broader  than  long.  Prothorax  distorted, 
sculpture  obscure.  Elytra  separately  somewhat  rounded  at  apices, 
the  sculpture  poorly  defined  and  showing  only  faint  traces  of  striation. 
Length,  to  elytral  apices,  7  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,468  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  10,997  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

This  seems  to  be  a  member  of  the  Eucneminae  and  I  have  chosen 


438  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

the  name  of  the  typical  genus  to  indicate  the  place  of  the  species  since 
there  are  no  characters  shown  by  the  fossil  which  will  serve  as  a  basis 
for  separation.  The  sculpture,  though  obscure,  seems  to  have  been 
rough  like  that  of  Sarpedon  or  Hylochares  but  the  antenna  is  more 
like  that  of  Eucnemis. 

BUPRESTIDAE. 

DlCERCA    EURYDICE,    Sp.    nOV. 

Plate  3,  fig.  1. 

Form  fairly  slender  for  this  genus  but  a  little  less  so  than  would  be 
inferred  from  the  figure,  the  left  margin  of  the  prothorax  and  elytron 
being  broken  off  in  the  fossil.  Head  of  normal  size  and  aspect,  sur- 
face rather  finely  granulate,  eye,  viewed  from  above,  oblique.  Prono- 
tum  narrowed  posteriorly,  sides  imperfect,  surface  scabrous,  roughened 
with  ill-defined  longitudinal  ridges  and  grooves.  Elytra  scabropunc- 
tate  and  granulate  with  scattered  irregular  indications  of  raised  lines 
and  striae,  giving  the  normal  appearance  of  rough  sculpture  found  in 
most  of  the  modern  species  of  Dicerca.  The  elytral  apices  are  sharply 
pointed.  Length,  to  abdominal  tip,  16.20  mm.;  of  elytron,  10.40  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,469  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  11,649  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

The  aspect  of  this  fossil  is  that  of  Dicerca  but  the  pointed  elytra  are 
foreign  to  my  experience  with  modern  species  of  the  genus.  In  the 
lack  of  other  characters  for  separation  I  prefer  to  leave  it  here.  The 
form  and  general  features,  aside  from  the  one  noted,  seem  much  like 
those  of  the  living  D.  spreta.  The  specimen  is  in  reverse,  so  that  the 
granules  described  represent  punctures. 

BUPRESTIS   FLORISSANTENSIS,    Sp.    HOV. 

Plate  3,  fig.  2. 

Form  moderately  stout,  probably  about  as  in  the  recent  B.  aurulenta. 
Head  unnaturally  extended,  suborbicular,  truncate  behind,  surface 
rather  finely  roughened.  Antennae  too  poorly  preserved  for  descrip- 
tion. Prothorax  much  wider  than  the  head,  tapering  from  base  to 
apex,  the  sides  too  badly  damaged  to  allow  of  their  shape  being  deter- 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.    439 

mined,  surface  roughened  but  without  definable  sculpture.  Elytra 
simply  rounded  at  apices,  surface  with  very  poorly  preserved  sculpture 
of  striae  which  are  moderately  coarsely  and  closely  punctured  in  single 
series.  Legs  partly  displaced  and  nowhere  fully  displayed  but  what 
can  be  seen  indicates  that  they  are  moderately  stout  for  this  genus. 
Length,  as  preserved,  23.60  mm.,  in  life  undoubtedly  a  little  less  since 
the  body  of  the  fossil  had  been  distended  by  maceration. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,470  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  8,890  S.  H.  Scud- 
derColl.). 

My  chief  reason  for  referring  this  fossil  to  Buprestis  rather  than  to 
Chalcophora  or  Dicerca  is  to  be  found  in  the  nature  of  the  elytral  sculp- 
ture, since  true  generic  characters  are  wanting.  It  is  the  largest  of 
the  Buprestidae  from  the  Florissant  shales,  but  unfortunately  is  not 
at  all  well  preserved.  Nevertheless  it  is  easily  recognizable  at  sight 
as  a  member  of  this  family.  Most  likely  it  lived  upon  the  pines  which 
abounded  on  the  shores  of  Lake  Florissant. 


BUPRESTIS  SCUDDERI,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  3,  fig.  3. 

Form  only  moderately  elongate  or  even  somewhat  stout.  Head 
large,  front  with  a  deep  indentation  having  a  raised  center,  the  re- 
mainder of  the  surface  with  fine  crowded  granules  in  fairly  high  relief. 
Prothorax  about  one  and  one  half  times  as  wide  as  long,  sides  appar- 
ently imperfect  but,  as  preserved,  nearly  straight  as  if  the  thoracic 
apex  and  base  were  about  equal.  Basal  margin  sinuate  each  side. 
Pronotum  covered  with  moderately  closely  set  granules,  more  crowded 
towards  the  sides,  rounded  like  those  of  the  head  but  a  little  coarser 
and  less  in  relief.  Longitudinal  median  line  present,  not  deep  and 
possibly  adventitious.  Elytra  sinuate  along  the  exterior  margin, 
truncate  at  apex,  surface  with  very  fine,  sharp,  crenulate  raised  lines 
representing  punctured  striae,  the  intervening  spaces  granulate  in 
more  than  one  series.  Legs  wanting.  Length,  to  elytral  tip,  18.50 
mm.,  in  life  about  2  mm.  less;  of  elytron,  10.75  mm.  Width  of  pro- 
thorax,  5.50  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type  — No.  2,471  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  11,663  S.  H. 
ScudderColl.). 


440  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

Since  the  specimen  is  in  reverse,  the  granules  and  raised  lines  noted 
in  the  description  represent  corresponding  punctures  and  striae      J 
does  not  seem  to  be  very  closely  related  to  any  of  the  recent  North 
American  species  of  the  genus  although  these  furnish  among  them- 
selves such  a  variety  of  sculpture  on  the  upper  surface  of  the  I 

MELANOPHILA  HANDLIRSCHI  Wickham. 

This  seems  to  be  the  most  common  buprestid  of  the  Florissant 
shales  The  present  collection  contains  six  specimens,  one  with 
counterpart,  No.  2,476-2,482  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  406,  502,  6,388,  8,404, 
12,488, 16,356  and  16,357  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.).  The  first  noted  exam- 
ple is  remarkable  for  its  beauty  and  the  perfection  of  preservation. 

MELANOPHILA  COCKERELLAE  Wickham. 

Represented  by  two  specimens,  one  of  which,  No.  2,474  M.  C.  Z. 
(No.  15,077  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.),  is  2  mm.  longer  than  the  type, 
while  the  other,  No.  2,475  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  5,727  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.), 
exceeds  the  original  measurement  by  less  than  1  mm. 


ANTHAXIA  EXHUMATA  Wickham. 

One  poor  specimen,  No.  2,472  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  1,855  S.  H.  Scudder 
Coll.). 

CHRYSOBOTHRIS  SUPPRESSA,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  3,  fig.  4. 

Preserved  in  ventral  aspect  and  therefore  not  displaying  important 
features  of  sculpture.  Outline  similar  to  that  of  the  recent  C.  floricola. 
Prothorax  hardly  differing  in  width  at  base  and  apex,  sides  almost 
straight,  flanks  with  moderately  large,  rounded,  shallow,  often  con- 
fluent punctures,  the  prosternum  with  the  punctuation  so  strongly 
confluent  as  to  form  transverse  grooves.  Meso-  and  metasternal 
side-pieces  sculptured  about  like  the  prothoracic  flanks,  the  abdominal 
punctures  finer  and  more  widely  separated.  Margin  of  last  ventral 
not  serrulate.  Anterior  tibia  curved  but  not  visibly  enlarged  at  apex 
though  the  preservation  is  not  good  enough  to  be  sure.  Length, 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.    441 

exclusive  of  the  extruded  sex  organ,  9.20  mm.;  of  the  elytra,  about 
6.50  mm.  Width  of  prothorax,  3.25  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.— No.  2,483  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  6,898  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

Very  much  smaller  than  the  Florissant  fossil  C.  haydeni  and  with 
relatively  shorter  elytra  than  C.  gahani.  I  think  there  is  no  doubt  of 
its  being  a  true  Chrysobothris,  but  am  unable  to  suggest  its  affinities 
with  any  of  the  numerous  living  North  American  species. 


CHRYSOBOTHRIS  COLORADENSIS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  3,  fig.  5. 

Form  stout.  Head  wanting.  Pronotum  not  in  very  good  condi- 
tion but  apparently  broadest  near  the  base,  finely  and  rather  closely 
but  not  deeply  punctate,  without  the  reticulate  effect  of  Anthaxia. 
Elytra  bluntly  pointed  at  apex,  outer  edges  not  serrate,  punctuation 
fine  and  quite  sparse  though  not  well  preserved.  Front  femur  moder- 
ately stout,  not  visibly  toothed,  tibia,  though  broken  at  tip,  evidently 
a  little  curved.  Middle  tibia  distinctly  arcuate,  the  tarsal  joints 
longer  than  normal  in  recent  Chrysobothris  but  their  articulations  are 
not  certainly  definable.  Length,  from  front  margin  of  prothorax  to 
elytral  apex,  4.75  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.— No.  2,484  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  3,733  S.  H.  Scud- 
der Coll.). 

Evidently  a  buprestid  and  probably  a  Chrysobothris  with  the  facies 
of  the  recent  C.  atrifasriata  or  C.  tdkei.  It  is  small  for  the  genus  but 
several  of  the  recent  species  are  of  practically  the  same  size. 

PTOSIMA  SILVATICA,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  3,  fig.  6. 

Form  not  very  elongate.  Head  damaged  so  as  not  to  exhibit  its 
true  shape.  Prothorax  very  short,  base  bisinuate,  punctuation  fine 
and  sparse  on  the  disk,  stronger  and  crowded  on  the  sides,  everywhere 
shallow.  Elytra  broken  at  apex,  finely  and  regularly  striatopunctate, 
the  striae  impressed,  strial  punctures  elliptical  or  elongate,  well  sepa- 


442  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

rated,  interspaces  broad,  flat  or  nearly  so.     Legs  wanting.     Length, 
as  preserved,  5.60  mm.,  in  life  somewhat  greater. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.- No.  2,473  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  11,731  S.  H. 

Scudder  Coll.). 

At  first  sight,  this  insect  resembles  an  Acmaeodera,  but  cannot 
enter  that  genus  on  account  of  the  distinct  mesoscutellum  and  sepa- 
rate elytra.  Behind  the  mesoscutellum  is  a  narrow  wedge-like  sclerite, 
probably  equivalent  to  the  "second  scutellum"  of  Chlamys,  but  there 
is  no  way  of  determining  whether  it  was  visible  during  life  of  the  fossil, 
when  the  elytra  were  closed.  A  similar  structure  is  seen  in  the  Floris- 
sant fossil  which  I  described  some  time  ago  under  the  name  Acmaeo- 
dera schae/eri,  but  my  figure  of  that  species  does  not  show  the  line 
of  division  between  the  two  parts.  Ptosima  gibbicollis,  our  common 
North  American  representative  of  the  genus,  exhibits  the  same 
arrangement  in  about  the  same  proportions,  but  it  is  necessary  to 
open  the  elytra  to  see  it.  Since  the  size,  form  and  sculpture  of  P. 
silvatica  are  similar  to  those  of  P.  gibbicollis,  I  have  assumed  them  to 
be  congeneric  if  the  lines  are  not  too  closely  drawn.  It  will  be  better 
to  consider  that  both  of  the  Florissant  insects  which  I  have  described 
under  Acmaeodera  (A.  schae/cri  and  A.  abyssa)  belong  rather  to  Pto- 
sima, though  they  differ  in  sculpture  of  the  elytra. 


AGRILUS  PRAEPOLITUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  3,  fig.  7. 

Form  only  moderately  elongate,  less  so  as  a  fossil  than  in  life  on 
account  of  crushing  by  pressure.  Head  large,  transversely  suborbicu- 
lar,  longitudinally  finely  striate  anteriorly,  occipital  region  minutely 
closely  punctulate.  Antennae  moderately  serrate  but  very  poorly 
preserved.  Pronotum,  as  preserved,  flattened  so  as  to  increase  the 
apparent  \\  idth  which  is  equal  to  twice  the  length,  apex  broader  than 
the  base  which  is  distinctly  bisinuate,  sides  rather  weakly  arcuate, 
front  angles  prominent,  the  left  hind  one  with  a  strong  arcuate  carina. 
Surface  not  very  coarsely  but  deeply  punctured,  the  punctuation  close 
and  transversely  confluent  so  as  to  form  a  reticulate  pattern  of  inter- 
vening raised  lines.  Scutellum  broader  than  long,  not  triangular 
but  with  a  narrow  posterior  lobe,  distinctly  transversely  carinate. 
Elytra  not  or  scarcely  sinuate  along  the  outer  margin,  apices  merely 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.   443 

bluntly  pointed,  sculpture  a  distinct  but  not  coarse  scabrous  punctua- 
tion, vestiture  fine.  Legs  not  preserved.  Length,  7  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.— No.  2,485  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  5,359  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

Very  few  of  the  Florissant  fossils  are  so  well  preserved  as  this  little 
buprestid.  It  is  a  remarkably  satisfactory  agrilid  type  and  exhibits 
many  of  the  characters  used  in  our  tables  for  the  separation  of  recent 
species  of  this  genus.  By  comparison  with  specimens  of  the  common 
living  North  American  Agrilus  politus,  the  fossil  is  so  nearly  identical 
as  to  be  separable  with  difficulty.  It  is  entirely  within  the  bounds  of 
possibility  that  A.  praepolitus  infested  the  willows  of  the  ancient  lake 
shore. 

LAMPYRIDAE. 
MIOCAENIA,  gen.  nov. 

Form  of  Caenia  but  the  pectinations  of  the  antennae  are  apical  in 
origin  instead  of  basal. 

Type. —  M.  pectinicornis,  sp.  nov. 


MIOCAENIA  PECTINICORNIS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  6,  fig.  1-2. 

Body  elongate,  subparallel.  Head  small,  eyes  destroyed.  An- 
tennae two  thirds  the  length  of  the  entire  body,  the  joints  external  to 
the  second  rather  strongly  pectinate  except  the  last  which  is  simple. 
Prothorax  small,  not  projecting  over  the  head.  Elytra  long,  sculp- 
ture obscure.  Legs  wanting.  Length,  6.15  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,486  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  6,994  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

Superficially  this  insect  looks  very  much  like  Caenia  dimidiata  of 
our  eastern  and  northern  states,  but  the  structure  of  the  antennae  is 
different.  The  European  genus  Drilus  approaches  it  in  this  respect, 
but  has  a  different  body  form.  In  the  lack  of  knowledge  of  a  recent 
genus  which  will  acceptably  receive  the  fossil,  I  have  proposed  a  new 
name. 


444  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

PODABRUS  FRAGMENTATUS,  Sp.  HOV. 
Plate  4,  fig.  1. 

Form  elongate.  Head  of  moderate  size,  rather  strongly  narrowed 
behind  the  eyes  which  are  of  good  size  and  apparently  shortly  ellipti- 
cal, muzzle  projecting.  Antennae  long,  slender,  if  extended  backward 
they  would  reach  a  point  three  fifths  from  the  elytral  base,  joints  not 
at  all  serrate,  those  near  the  middle  nearly  three  times  as  long  as  broad. 
Prothorax  crushed  but  evidently  not  very  wide.  Elytra  long,  tips 
bluntly  rounded,  sculpture  fine  and  obscure.  Legs  poorly  preserved 
but  the  pieces  remaining  show  them  to  have  been  slender.  Length, 
as  preserved,  12.75  mm. ;  to  elytral  apices,  9.85  mm. ;  of  elytron,  6.85 
mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen  with  counterpart. 

Type.—  No.  2,487,  2,488  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  4,218  and 
4,638  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.).  Two  other  specimens,  No.  2,489,  2,490 
M.  C.  Z.  (No.  69,  2,546  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.)  also  belong  here. 

It  is  hard  to  find  any  very  definite  characters  to  separate  this  species 
from  P.  florissantensis  but  the  latter  has  a  larger  head,  longer  elytra, 
and  shorter  antennal  joints. 

PODABRUS  WHEELERI  Wickham. 

Three  specimens  No.  2,491,  2,492,  2,493  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  5,946,—? 
— ?  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.)  belong  here.  It  is  probable  that  the  example 
No.  2,494  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  11,165  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.)  also  belongs  here. 

PODABRUS  FLORISSANTENSIS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  4,  fig.  2. 

Form  fairly  stout.  Head  rather  long  in  front  of  the  eye  which  is 
slightly  elliptical,  the  greater  axis  nearly  longitudinal.  Prothorax 
crushed  but  evidently  much  wider  than  long,  the  front  margin  straight. 
Elytra  long,  quite  narrow,  apices  rounded,  surface  finely  scabrous  with 
traces  of  narrow  costae.  Legs  too  poorly  preserved  for  description, 
length,  to  elytral  apices,  assuming  the  head  to  be  brought  into  its 
normal  position,  10.10  mm.;  of  elytra,  7.35  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.    445 

Type  — No.  2,495  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  8,947  S.  H. 
ScudderColl.). 

At  first  I  had  taken  this  insect  to  be  an  Epicauta,  but  that  reference 
is  invalidated  by  the  form  of  the  eye.  Further  examination  indicates 
that  it  is  allied  to  Podabrus  and  for  the  present  I  have  placed  it  in  that 
genus. 

TELEPHORUS  HESPERUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  4,  fig.  3. 

Form  moderately  elongate.  Color  apparently  yellowish,  the  sides 
and  sutural  region  of  the  elytra  darker.  Head  of  normal  size.  Eyes 
(not  shown  in  the  type)  rather  small,  rounded.  Antennae  slender, 
long,  not  reaching  the  elytral  tips,  the  joints  not  at  all  serrate. 
Prothorax  rounded  at  the  sides  and  apex,  broader  than  long. 
Elytra  subparallel,  apices  rounded,  surface  sculpture  fine,  about  ob- 
literated, without  visible  costae.  Legs  slender.  Length  of  type,  to 
apex  of  elytra,  4.50  mm.;  of  other  specimens,  ranging  to  a  little 
over  5  mm. 

Described  from  six  specimens. 

Type  — No.  2,496  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  9,376  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.).  Other  specimens  are  No.  2,497-2,501  M.  C.  Z.  (No. 
2,243,  5,065,  5,515,  6,048,  12,769  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

A  small  species  not  unlike  the  recent  North  American  T.  scitulus 
but  probably  with  the  elytral  markings  more  distinct.  In  some  of  the 
specimens  of  the  fossil  the  elytral  stripe  is  poorly  defined,  the  one 
chosen  as  the  type  and  serving  for  the  figure  being  the  best  marked. 


POLEMIUS   CRASSICORNIS,   Sp.    HOV. 

Plate  4,  fig.  4. 

Form  fairly  stout.  Head  nearly  concealed.  Antennae  stout  but 
scarcely  serrate,  not  quite  reaching  the  middle  of  the  elytra.  Pro- 
thorax  rounded  at  sides  and  apex  and  slightly  at  the  base.  Elytra 
covering  the  abdomen,  apices  rounded,  sculpture  obscure  but  with 
faint  signs  of  costae.  Legs  rather  long  and  slender.  Length,  8.40 
mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 


446  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

Type  —  No.  2,502  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  930  S.  H.  Scud- 
der  Coll.). 

I  have  placed  this  fossil  in  Polemius  rather  than  in  Telephorus 
chiefly  on  account  of  the  heavy  antennae.  The  posterior  half  of  the 
elytra  is  darker  than  the  anterior  but  I  am  not  at  all  sure  that  this  is 
due  to  any  difference  in  color  in  the  living  insect,  it  seems  more  likely 
the  result  of  scaling  off  of  a  portion  of  the  metamorphosed  chitin 
when  the  stone  was  split. 

TRYPHERUS  ABORIGINALIS  Wickham. 

Two  specimens,  one  with  counterpart,  No.  2,503-2,505  M.  C.  Z. 
No.  8,586,  8,499  and  8,651  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.).  They  show  no 
important  characters  not  brought  out  in  the  original  description. 


MALACHIIDAE. 

COLLOPS  PRISCUS,  sp.  nov. 

Plate  5,  fig.  3-4. 

Form,  in  life,  apparently  similar  to  that  of  the  recent  C.  bipunctatus 
but  as  preserved  the  abdomen  is  greatly  distended,  presumably  by 
maceration.  Head  with  rather  indistinct  outline,  sculpture  not  dis- 
cernible, antennae  short,  stout,  first  joint  elongate,  second  much  longer 
and  distorted  by  the  production  of  the  inner  apical  angle,  the  third, 
fourth,  fifth,  sixth,  and  seventh,  subtriangular,  moderately  serrate 
eighth  damaged,  remainder  not  definable.  Prothorax  about  as  long 
as  the  head,  no  defined  sculpture.  Elytron  nearly  smooth  but  with  a 
sparse  covering  of  rather  long  black  hairs.  Legs  slender.  Length  as 
preserved,  5.70  mm.;  of  elytron,  3.60  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen  with  counterpart 

^f '"No.  2,506,  2,507  M.C.Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  8,140 
and  9,307  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

The  form,  vestiture,  antennae,  and  abdominal  segmentation  all 
point  to  the  above  generic  reference.  Measured  from  the  front  of  the 
head  to  the  elytral  apex,  this  insect  about  equals  in  size  the  living 
North  American  C.  hMlus  which  occurs  from  New  Mexico  to  Nevada 
Washington,  and  the  Saskatchewan. 


\\ICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.    447 

COLLOPS  DESUETUS,  Sp.  UOV. 
Plate  5,  fig.  5. 

Smaller  than  C.  priscus.  The  specimen  is  too  poorly  preserved  to 
make  out  much  besides  the  proportions  of  the  head,  prothorax,  and 
elytra,  which  are  about  as  in  the  recent  C.  mttatus.  Eye  rounded. 
Antennae  and  legs  wanting.  The  elytra  are  scabrous  and  with  a  sub- 
sulcate  effect  such  as  is  faintly  indicated  in  several  of  the  recent  North 
American  species  of  this  genus.  Length,  from  front  of  head  to  tip  of 
abdomen,  4.45  mm.;  to  tip  of  elytra,  4.10  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen,  with  counterpart. 

Type.—  No.  2,508,  2,509  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  12,020 
and 'l2,021  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

In  general  appearance,  this  insect  is  so  much  like  a  Collops  that  I 
feel  fairly  confident  of  the  generic  reference.  It  is  likely  that  No. 
2,510  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  11,273  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.)  represents  the  same 
species. 

COLLOPS  EXTRUSUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  5,  fig.  6-7. 

Of  the  usual  subovate  form,  broader  posteriorly.  Head  relatively 
rather  small,  rounded,  antennae  weakly  serrate  and  without  much 
modification  of  the  basal  joints.  Prothorax  wider  than  the  head  but 
too  much  crushed  for  description.  Elytra  broader  behind,  surface 
not  well  preserved  but  showing  no  sulcations  and  apparently  with 
traces  of  hairs.  Legs,  so  far  as  shown,  slender.  Abdomen  distended, 
probably  abnormally,  so  as  to  reach  far  beyond  the  elytra,  the  seg- 
ments banded  with  brownish  as  shown  in  the  figure.  Length,  to  tip 
of  abdomen,  8.15  mm.;  of  elytra,  4.60  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen,  with  counterpart  poorly  preserved. 

Type.— No.  2,511,  2,512  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  13,620 
and  13,642  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

Not  so  well  preserved  as  the  specimen  of  Collops  priscus,  but  ap- 
parently a  female  of  this  genus  or  of  one  nearly  related.  The  antenna 
is  unfortunately  not  well  preserved  at  base,  and  I  am  not  sure  whether 
the  appearance  of  a  short  second  joint  is  due  to  erosion  of  what  shows 
as  the  third  in  the  figure.  In  recent  species  of  Collops  the  second 


448  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

joint  is  very  small  and  frequently  needs  careful  examination  for  de- 
tection. Quite  possibly  the  fossil  represents  a  genus  m  a  transition 
stage,  where  the  reduction  of  this  joint  and  the  increase  in  size  of  the 
third' is  not  yet  pronounced,  but  I  do  not  care  to  separate  it  from 
Collops  upon  this  rather  dubious  character.  Compared  with  C. 
prisons,  the  present  species  is  considerably  larger,  the  elytra  being 
1  mm.  longer,  and  apparently  much  less  hairy.  The  lines  on  the 
elytra  are  probably  wing  veins  showing  through.  Three  other  speci- 
mens, assigned  here  after  the  above  description  was  written,  all  have 
the  upper  surface  of  the  body  better  preserved,  although  the  append- 
ages are  poor.  These  additional  examples,  No.  2,513-2,515  M.  C.  Z. 
(No.  8,503,  10,710,  14,319  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.),  indicate  that  the  head 
and  prothorax  are  rather  shining,  the  elytra  more  strongly  so,  elytral 
surface  finely  irregularly  punctate  and  distinctly  hairy. 


CLERIDAE. 

ENOCLERUS  FLORISSANTENSIS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  5,  fig.  8. 

Form  moderately  elongate.  Head  large,  as  wide  as  the  pronotum, 
sculpture  nearly  effaced  but  what  remains  indicates  it  to  have  con- 
sisted of  a  fine  punctuation.  Prothorax  broader  at  apex  than  at  base, 
widest  well  in  front  of  the  middle,  sides,  judging  by  the  better  pre- 
served one,  gently  arcuate,  base  with  a  fairly  well-defined  collar  or 
constriction,  surface  with  poorly  defined  punctuation  and  with  traces 
of  hairs.  Elytra  narrow  in  the  humeral  region,  humeri  rounded, 
surface  obscurely  punctate  and  hairy  with  a  few  traces  of  fine  lineation, 
apices  broken  off.  Legs  only  fairly  stout.  Length  of  fragment, 
9  mm. ;  in  life  probably  about  .75  mm.  more. 

Described  from  one  specimen  in  somewhat  unsatisfactory  preserva- 
tion. 

Type.—  No.  2,516  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  9,889  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

The  relatively  narrow  humeri  give  this  insect  somewhat  the 
aspect  of  the  recent  E.  rosmarus  but  the  fossil  is  much  greater  in 
size.  The  clothing  of  hair  is  poorly  preserved  and  visible  only  in 
spots.  The  punctuation  is  not  well  enough  denned  for  accurate 
description. 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.    449 

ENOCLERUS  PRISTINUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  5,  fig.  9. 

Form  moderately  elongate,  subparallel.  Head  large,  apparently 
greater  in  size  than  the  prothorax,  minutely  scabrous  and  with  a  few 
rather  long  blackish  hairs,  probably  the  remains  of  a  much  more 
thickly  disposed  vestiture.  Eyes  of  good  size.  Only  one  antenna  is 
shown,  and  that  in  poor  preservation,  but  the  external  joints  are  seen 
to  be  moderately  thickened  forming  a  gradual  club.  Prothorax 
strongly  transverse,  not  very  much  narrowed  posteriorly,  sides  feebly 
arcuate,  anterior  impressed  line  distinct.  The  sculpture  is  poorly 
preserved  but  what  remains  indicates  a  fine  reticulation  or  scabrosity. 
Elytra  a  little  more  than  twice  the  combined  length  of  the  head  and 
prothorax,  apices  bluntly  rounded,  sculpture  obscure  but  traces  are 
to  be  seen  of  vague  sulcations  or  costae.  Legs  not  very  long  and  rather 
slender.  Length,  as  preserved,  8.15  mm.;  to  elytral  apices,  6.85  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,517  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  12,245  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

The  characters  shown  are  hardly  sufficient  to  allow  of  comparison 
with  recent  American  forms  but  I  think  that  the  fossil  represents  an 
insect  of  about  the  build  of  small  specimens  of  E.  moestus.  It  is 
only  about  two  thirds  as  long  as  E.  fiorissantensis  and  has  a  differently 
proportioned  head  and  prothorax. 

HYDNOCERA  WOLCOTTI  Wickham. 

One  specimen,  No.  2,518  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  6,385  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.), 
less  perfect  than  the  type. 

NECROBIA  DIVINATORIA,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  6,  fig.  10-11. 

Preserved  in  ventral  view  and  showing  scarcely  any  sculptural 
characters  except  those  of  the  under  surface.  Outline  similar  to  that 
of  the  recent  N.  rufipes.  Antennae  with  a  three-jointed  club,  similar 
to  that  of  recent  North  American  species  but  with  the  two  joints 
preceding  a  little  larger  in  the  fossil.  Under  surface  of  meso-  and 


450  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

metathorax  with  shallow,  rather  fine  punctures,  visible  only  in  cer- 
tain lights,  abdominal  segments  more  finely  punctulate  and  with 
short  hairs.  Legs  wanting.  Length  as  preserved,  to  tip  of  abdomen, 
7  mm.,  in  life  somewhat  less  since  the  body  is  abnormally  distended. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type—  No.  2,519  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  7,651  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.) 

There  seems  to  be  no  way  of  separating  this  insect  from  Necrobia 
except  on  the  basis  of  the  less  pronounced  antennal  club  and  1  do  not 
feel  justified  in  founding  a  new  genus  on  this  one  character.  The 
coxal  and  abdominal  structures,  as  well  as  the  size  and  facies,  agree 
with  Necrobia.  The  punctuation  of  the  underside  is  less  conspicuous 
in  the  fossil.  The  exposed  elytral  epipleura  shows  fairly  strong 
punctures. 

PTINIDAE. 

ERNOBIUS  EFFETUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  6,  fig.  1. 

Form  moderately  elongate,  subparallel  in  side  view.  Head  fairly 
large,  eye  elliptical,  antennae  wanting.  Prothorax  probably  damaged 
along  the  back  but  as  preserved  the  dorsal  surface  is  not  arched ,  the 
apex  projects  over  the  head  but  not  sufficiently  to  entirely  conceal  it 
from  above.  Elytra  with  only  very  faint  signs  of  shallow  striae 
visible  in  certain  lights.  Legs  short  and  fairly  slender.  Length, 
from  front  of  pronotum  to  elytral  apex,  4  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,520  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  2,647  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.).  It  is  probable  that  No.  2,521  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  9,440 
S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.),  is  the  same  species. 

The  sculpture  of  the  surface  of  this  insect  is  extremely  fine  and  visi- 
ble only  under  high  power.  It  consists  of  a  minute  but  close  and  some- 
times confluent  punctuation,  stronger  on  the  prothorax,  the  meso-  and 
metasternal  side-pieces  and  the  base  of  the  elytra.  In  size,  the  present 
species  is  about  equal  to  the  recent  E.  mollis  which  is  similar  in  form 
and  sculpture.  These  characters  offer  the  only  basis  for  the  generic 
reference. 

XESTOBIUM  ALUTACEUM  Wickham. 

One  good  specimen,  No.  2,522  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  7,500  S.  H.  Scudder 
Coll.),  about  .25  mm.  shorter  than  the  type. 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.   451 

OLIGOMERUS  FLORISSANTENSIS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  6,  fig.  2. 

Form  elongate,  rather  slender.  Head  of  moderate  size,  minutely 
and  closely  punctulate,  eye  not  defined,  antennae  wanting.  Pro- 
notum,  in  side  view,  subcuneiform,  finely  punctulate.  Elytron  long, 
very  finely  sculptured  but  with  well-defined,  sharp  though  narrow 
punctate  striae,  the  punctures  small,  well  impressed,  longitudinally 
elliptical,  those  of  the  same  row  separated  individually  by  something 
less  than  their  own  long  diameters.  Leg  (only  one  being  at  all  well 
shown),  short  and  rather  slender.  Length,  from  front  margin  of 
pronotum  to  elytral  apex,  4  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.— No.  2,523  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  5,921  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

In  size  and  outline,  this  beetle  is  about  like  Ernobius  effetus,  so 
similar  in  fact  that  allowing  for  the  difference  in  thoracic  outline  which 
might  be  due  to  distortion  I  should  have  considered  them  as  repre- 
senting one  species  if  it  were  not  for  the  well-defined  punctate  striae 
of  the  elytra  of  the  present  insect.  The  nearly  semicircular  structure 
projecting  on  to  the  head  near  the  anterior  prothoracic  margin  seems 
to  be  not  an  eye  but  probably  due  to  some  imperfection  in  the  stone. 
Of  course  the  generic  reference  cannot  be  made  with  any  great  degree 
of  certainty,  but  the  fossil  is  not  unlike  the  modern  0.  obtusus  of  east- 
ern North  America. 

OLIGOMERUS  (?)  DURATUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  6,  fig.  3. 

Form  elongate.  Head  large,  minutely  punctulate  and  rugulose. 
Eye  of  moderate  size,  elliptical.  Antennae  wanting.  Prothorax 
short,  subcuneiform  in  side  view,  back  scarcely  arched,  front  margin 
apparently  but  little  or  not  at  all  projecting,  surface  finely  punctate 
but  somewhat  more  coarsely  than  the  head.  Elytron  long,  the  outer 
edge  broken  so  that  the  relative  proportions  of  length  and  breadth 
cannot  be  determined  with  exactitude,  surface  with  faint  evidence  of 
obtuse  costation  or  striation,  punctuation  very  fine  and  confused. 
Underside  of  body  minutely  punctulate,  more  strongly  on  the  thorax 
than  on  the  abdomen.  Legs  short  and  slender.  Length,  4.25  mm. 


452  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type  —  No.  2,526  M.  C.  Z.    Florissant,  Col.     (No.  7,646  S.  K 
Scudder  Coll.). 

Probably  not  a  true  Oligomerus  since  the  head  is  larger  and  the 
prothorax  shorter  and  higher  than  in  the  modern  species.  For  the 
present,  I  prefer  to  leave  it  here  rather  than  erect  a  new  genus  for  its 
reception. 

ANOBIUM  DURESCENS  Scudder. 

I  have  referred  to  this  species  a  specimen,  No.  2,527  M.  C.  Z.  (No. 
12,026  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.).  It  differs  from  the  type  in  being  1  mm. 
longer,  (length  4.50  mm.,  as  compared  with  3.50  mm.  in  the  original), 
but  I  can  find  no  other  tangible  difference. 


BOSTRICHIDAE. 

AMPHICERUS  SUBLAEVIS,  sp.  nov. 

Plate  6,  fig.  4. 

Form  stout.  Head  large.  Prothorax,  in  side  view,  subcuneiform, 
the  back  not  much  arched,  surface  comparatively  smooth  and  without 
defined  asperities.  Elytron  a  little  more  than  twice  the  prothoracic 
length,  faintly  substriate,  otherwise  nearly  smooth,  without  teeth  on 
the  declivity.  The  only  leg  showing  is  one  of  the  hind  pair,  which  is 
very  small  and  relatively  weak.  Length,  from  front  of  pronotum  to 
apex  of  elytra,  5.85  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,524  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  14,250  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

This  is  a  little  larger  than  Xylobiops  lacustre  and  is  much  smoother. 
The  fossil  Dinoderus  cuneicollis  is  much  smaller.  I  have  placed  it  in 
Amphicerus  in  spite  of  the  lack  of  prothoracic  armature  because  of 
the  general  likeness  to  the  New  Mexican  A.  brevicollis,  which,  judging 
from  material  received  from  Prof.  D.  E.  Merrill,  is  the  female  of  A. 
grandicollis. 

XYLOBIOPS  LACUSTRE  Wickham. 
One  specimen,  No.  2,525  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  14,247  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.    453 
SCARAB  AEIDAE. 

OXYOMUS   NE  ARCTIC  US,    Sp.    HOV. 

Plate  7,  fig.  1. 

Form  oblong-oval,  moderately  stout.  Head  roughly  and  coarsely 
punctured,  clypeus  broadly  arcuate,  not  angled  nor  emarginate. 
Prothorax  broader  than  long,  sides  arcuate  but  not  sufficiently  well 
preserved  to  admit  of  exact  description,  disk  with  coarse,  close,  deep, 
cribrate  punctures  which  are  circular  or  elliptical  in  outline  and  leave 
a  well-defined,  nearly  straight  but  narrow,  almost  cariniform  median 
longitudinal  line.  Scutellum  triangular.  Elytra  broader  behind  the 
middle,  conjointly  rounded  at  tip,  strongly  costate,  the  costae  nar- 
row, alternate  ones  better  defined,  the  intervening  grooves,  which 
represent  the  striae,  each  with  a  row  of  strong,  deep,  transversely 
elliptical  punctures.  The  stronger  costae  appear  to  reach  the  elytral 
tips,  while  the  weaker  are  somewhat  abbreviated  apically.  Legs 
moderately  stout,  but  none  are  sufficiently  perfect  for  description. 
Length,  3.20  mm. 

Described  from  a  single  specimen. 

Type  —  No.  2,528  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  222  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

The  small  size,  coarse  cephalic  and  thoracic  sculpture,  and  costate 
elytra  lead  me  to  place  this  pretty  aphodiide  in  Oxyomus.  The  genus 
is  now  known  in  North  America  only  from  the  introduced  European 
0.  porcatus.  I  have  compared  the  fossil  with  European  specimens  of 
0.  sihestris,  received  years  ago  from  Dr.  Natterer,  and  find  that  the 
former  differs  in  having  a  more  strongly  punctate  head,  the  median 
thoracic  line  not  sulcate,  and  the  elytral  costae  much  more  distinctly 
alternating  in  height.  Both  agree  in  the  possession  of  a  vague  ante- 
median  lateral  pronotal  impression.  The  coarse  sculpture  distin- 
guishes 0.  nearcticus  at  once  from  all  of  the  other  Florissant  Aphodiini. 

ATAENIUS  PATESCENS  Scudder. 

Seven  specimens  are  assigned  here,  bearing  the  No.  2,529-2,535 
M.  C.  Z.  (No.  8,411,  8,571,  10,160,  10,408,  11,796  S.  H.  Scudder 
Coll.,  and  two  in  which  the  numbers  are  illegible  or  wanting).  I 
have  included  under  this  name  all  the  aphodiids  of  a  little  over  4  mm. 


454  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

in  length  with  distinct,  simple,  impunctate  striae.  It  is  possible  that 
more  than  one  species  is  included  in  the  material  but  there  seems  to 
be  no  sure  means  of  separation  with  the  specimens  at  hand. 

ATA-ENIUS  RESTRUCTUS  Wickham. 

Three  specimens,  No.  2,536-2,538  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  2,471,  2,502, 
11,298  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.).  They  agree  with  my  type  in  size  and 
form  and  I  think  it  best  to  assume  their  identity,  although  in  some 
lights  the  elytral  striae  seem  to  show  signs  of  punctures.  The  speci- 
men bearing  Scudder's  number  2,502  exhibits  the  hind  tibiae  very 
nicely  and  from  the  slender  structure  of  these  parts  and  the  lack  of 
distinct  transverse  ridges  it  seems  wise  to  assign  the  species  to  Ataenius, 
though  I  had  first  described  it  as  an  Aphodius. 


APHODIUS  Illiger. 

The  removal  of  my  A.  restructus  to  the  genus  Ataenius  leaves  six 
described  species  of  Aphodius  from  the  Florissant  shales.  Two  new 
ones  are  found  in  the  present  collection,  both  readily  distinguishable 
from  those  previously  known.  While  mammal  remains  are  practi- 
cally unknown  at  Florissant,  it  is  probable  that  the  region  adjacent  to 
the  old  lake  was  well  populated  with  the  numerous  ungulate  and  other 
types  of  mammals  known  to  abound  during  the  Tertiary  times.  It  is 
a  matter  of  common  knowledge  that  some  of  the  species  of  recent  co- 
prophagous  Scarabaeidae  select  the  dung  of  one  or  more  species  of 
mammal  as  food,  in  place  of  promiscuous  feeding.  Putting  together 
the  known  abundance  of  ungulates  in  the  Tertiary  period  and  the 
selective  habit  of  dung-eating  beetles,  it  is  reasonable  to  assume 
that  the  great  specific  development  in  Aphodius  at  Florissant  was 
correlated  with  a  plentiful  supply  of  mammalian  dung  of  different 
kinds.  It  appears  to  me  likely  that  a  good  many  of  these  old  Aphodii 
became  extinct  along  with  the  mammals  that  formed  the  sources  of 
their  food  supply.  All  of  these  Florissant  fossil  Aphodii  belong  to  the 
division  of  the  genus  with  short  scutellum  —  the  same  section  that  is 
most  abundant  in  North  America  today.  None  of  them  are  espe- 
cially peculiar  in  any  way,  though  their  specific  characters  are  well 
marked.  Some  of  them  must  have  occurred  in  considerable  numbers 
if  we  may  judge  by  the  frequency  of  their  remains  in  the  shales. 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.   455 


APHODIUS  SHOSHONIS  Wickham. 

This  is  represented  by  one  specimen,  No.  2,549  M.  C.  Z.    (No.  7,720 
S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.).     It  agrees  with  my  type. 


APHODIUS  ABORIGINALIS  Wickham. 

A  fine  specimen  with  counterpart,  No.  2,551,  2,552  M.  C.  Z.  (No. 
13,611  and  13,645  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.).  This  corresponds  to  the 
type.  Several  others  are  too  poor  for  certain  determination,  or  else 
show  only  undersides,  but  belong  to  either  the  present  species  or  to 
A.  granarioides.  They  bear  the  No.  2,553-2,558  M.  C.  Z.  (No. 
8,032,  8,335,  8,369,  9,164,  10,334,  12,437  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 


APHODIUS  MEDIAEVUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  6,  fig.  5-7. 

Form  very  short  and  stout  for  this  genus,  as  much  so  as  in  the  recent 
A.  hamatus.  Head  poorly  preserved,  not  showing  the  shape  nor  the 
sculpture  sufficiently  well  for  certain  description  but  the  clypeus  ap- 
pears to  have  been  subtruncate  anteriorly  and  there  is  no  visible  cepha- 
lic punctuation.  Prothorax  very  broad,  about  twice  as  wide  as  long, 
sides  arcuate,  surface  indistinctly  and  not  coarsely  punctured.  Scutel- 
lum  short.  Elytra  rather  finely  and  very  distinctly  striate,  the  striae 
with  well-marked  punctures  which  are  smaller  and  circular  in  the  basal 
region,  becoming  larger  and  slightly  transverse  on  the  disk  as  indi- 
cated by  the  figure.  Legs  stout  but  not  well  preserved  excepting  one 
belonging  to  the  front  pair  which  shows  the  sharp  and  strong  tibial 
teeth  very  nicely.  Length,  as  preserved,  4.15  mm. 

Described  from  a  single  specimen  with  counterpart. 

Type.—  No.  2,539,  2,540  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  4,901 
and  5,395  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

A  very  easily  recognized  species,  at  once  differentiated  from  any  of 
the  other  Florissant  forms  by  the  moderate  size,  the  broad  outline, 
the  indistinct  thoracic  punctuation  and  the  well-marked  punctures 
of  the  simple  elytral  striae. 


458  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY' 

MIOLACHNOSTERNA,  gen.  nov. 

Body  outline  resembling  that  of  Anomala.  Pronotum  short,  the 
base  broadly,  squarely  truncate.  Scutellum  distinct,  small.  Sculp- 
ture fine,  body  hairy  above.  Pygidium  uncovered.  Legs  moderately 
stout,  hind  tarsus,  including  the  claws,  nearly  as  long  as  the  tibia, 
the  first  four  joints  subequal,  rather  slender,  claws  simple. 

Type. —  M.  tristoides,  sp.  nov. 


MIOLACHNOSTERNA  TRISTOIDES,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  8,  fig.  1-3. 

Outline,  as  preserved,  ovate,  somewhat  pointed  behind.  Head 
not  well  displayed,  apparently  rather  small,  the  vertex  moderately, 
finely,  and  sparsely  punctured.  Pro  thorax  finely,  sparsely,  and  rather 
regularly  punctate,  clothed  with  long  light  colored  hairs  which  do  not 
interfere  with  a  clear  view  of  the  sculpture.  Basal  truncation  wide, 
equal  to  about  three  fifths  of  the  greatest  pronotal  width.  Scutellum 
punctured  like  the  pronotum.  Elytra  strongly  narrowed  posteriorly, 
confusedly,  and  a  little  more  coarsely,  and  much  less  deeply  punctured 
than  the  prothorax,  similarly  clothed  with  hairs,  the  punctures  spaced 
about  as  on  the  pronotum.  Exposed  pygidial  surface  obscurely 
punctate.  Hind  tibia  hairy.  Length,  to  tip  of  elytra,  7.50  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,569  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  13,668  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

In  sculpture  and  vestiture  this  insect  is  not  very  different  from 
the  recent  Lachnosterna  tristis,  but  the  absolutely  simple  claws  pre- 
clude the  reference  to  this  genus.  The  basal  pronotal  truncation 
is  much  more  pronounced  than  in  Lachnosterna.  The  safe  course 
seems  to  lie  in  the  erection  of  a  new  genus.  The  only  point  not 
alluded  to  in  the  description,  which  calls  for  remark,  is  the  appear- 
ance of  a  long  rather  stout  spine  on  the  poorly  preserved  front  tibia, 
and  while  I  have  shown  this  in  the  figure  and  detail  I  am  by  no 
means  certain  of  its  being  a  true  character.  I  have  presumed  this 
species  to  be  a  melolonthide  and  suggest  that  it  be  placed  near 
Lachnosterna  for  the  present. 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.    459 

LlSTROCHELUS   PUERILIS,   Sp.   HOV. 

Plate  6,  fig.  10. 

Form  elongate  and  quite  slender.  Surface  of  body  weakly  sculp- 
tured, the  elytra  without  the  strong  rows  of  punctures  and  costiform 
interspaces  characteristic  of  Diplotaxis,  which  this  insect  somewhat 
resembles  in  outline.  Legs  long  and  slender  but  not  sufficiently  well 
preserved  to  show  details  of  the  tibial  dentation  nor  the  structure  of 
the  claws.  Length,  10.65  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,570  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  The  original  num- 
ber of  the  S.  H.  Scudder  collection  is  illegible. 

About  all  that  can  be  said  of  the  affinities  of  this  insect  is  that  it  is  a 
lachnosternoid  type  of  small  size,  the  shape  reminding  one  of  Lachno- 
sterna  longitarsis  or  of  a  slender  Listrochelus.  I  think  it  a  little  more 
likely  to  have  belonged  to  the  latter  genus  and  have  so  placed  it, 
recognizing  that  the  two  genera  are  frequently  almost  indistinguish- 
able, even  in  recent  specimens.  Listrochelus  occurs  today  in  the 
southern  and  western  United  States  and  in  Mexico. 

ANOMALA  Koeppe. 

Two  species  apparently  belonging  to  this  genus  are  found  in  the 
collection.  While  not  very  numerously  represented  in  the  United 
States  at  the  present  day,  the  genus  Anomala  is  of  great  extent  and 
wide  distribution.  It  is  also  rather  polymorphic. 


ANOMALA  EXTERRANEA,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  7,  fig.  3. 

Form  moderately  elongate.  Head  strongly  and  closely  punctured 
across  the  vertex,  less  so  upon  the  occiput.  Clypeus  rounding  in 
front,  moderately  punctate.  Prothorax  nearly  twice  as  broad  as  long, 
a  little  narrower  anteriorly,  sides  broadly  arcuate,  surface  distinctly 
but  sparsely  punctate,  a  well-marked  longitudinal  median  line  (possi- 
bly-due to  a  crack).  Elytra  moderately  finely  and  closely  punctate, 
the  punctures  subseriately  arranged,  some  of  the  interstitial  lines 
faintly  costiform.  Legs  wanting  in  the  type,  and  too  poorly  preserved 


458  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY* 

MIOLACHNOSTERNA,  gen.  nov. 

Body  outline  resembling  that  of  Anomala.  Pronotum  short,  the 
base  broadly,  squarely  truncate.  Scutellum  distinct,  small.  Sculp- 
ture fine,  body  hairy  above.  Pygidium  uncovered.  Legs  moderately 
stout,  hind  tarsus,  including  the  claws,  nearly  as  long  as  the  tibia, 
the  first  four  joints  subequal,  rather  slender,  claws  simple. 

Type. —  M.  tristoides,  sp.  nov. 


MIOLACHNOSTERNA  TRISTOIDES,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  8,  fig.  1-3. 

Outline,  as  preserved,  ovate,  somewhat  pointed  behind.  Head 
not  well  displayed,  apparently  rather  small,  the  vertex  moderately, 
finely,  and  sparsely  punctured.  Prothorax  finely,  sparsely,  and  rather 
regularly  punctate,  clothed  with  long  light  colored  hairs  which  do  not 
interfere  with  a  clear  view  of  the  sculpture.  Basal  truncation  wide, 
equal  to  about  three  fifths  of  the  greatest  pronotal  width.  Scutellum 
punctured  like  the  pronotum.  Elytra  strongly  narrowed  posteriorly, 
confusedly,  and  a  little  more  coarsely,  and  much  less  deeply  punctured 
than  the  prothorax,  similarly  clothed  with  hairs,  the  punctures  spaced 
about  as  on  the  pronotum.  Exposed  pygidial  surface  obscurely 
punctate.  Hind  tibia  hairy.  Length,  to  tip  of  elytra,  7.50  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,569  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  13,668  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

In  sculpture  and  vestiture  this  insect  is  not  very  different  from 
the  recent  Lachnosterna  tristis,  but  the  absolutely  simple  claws  pre- 
clude the  reference  to  this  genus.  The  basal  pronotal  truncation 
is  much  more  pronounced  than  in  Lachnosterna.  The  safe  course 
seems  to  lie  in  the  erection  of  a  new  genus.  The  only  point  not 
alluded  to  in  the  description,  which  calls  for  remark,  is  the  appear- 
ance of  a  long  rather  stout  spine  on  the  poorly  preserved  front  tibia, 
and  while  I  have  shown  this  in  the  figure  and  detail  I  am  by  no 
means  certain  of  its  being  a  true  character.  I  have  presumed  this 
species  to  be  a  melolonthide  and  suggest  that  it  be  placed  near 
Lachnosterna  for  the  present. 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.    459 

LlSTROCHELUS   PUERILIS,    Sp.   HOV. 

Plate  6,  fig.  10. 

Form  elongate  and  quite  slender.  Surface  of  body  weakly  sculp- 
tured, the  elytra  without  the  strong  rows  of  punctures  and  costiform 
interspaces  characteristic  of  Diplotaxis,  which  this  insect  somewhat 
resembles  in  outline.  Legs  long  and  slender  but  not  sufficiently  well 
preserved  to  show  details  of  the  tibial  dentation  nor  the  structure  of 
the  claws.  Length,  10.65  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,570  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  The  original  num- 
ber of  the  S.  H.  Scudder  collection  is  illegible. 

About  all  that  can  be  said  of  the  affinities  of  this  insect  is  that  it  is  a 
lachnosternoid  type  of  small  size,  the  shape  reminding  one  of  Lachno- 
sterna  longitarsis  or  of  a  slender  Listrochelus.  I  think  it  a  little  more 
likely  to  have  belonged  to  the  latter  genus  and  have  so  placed  it, 
recognizing  that  the  two  genera  are  frequently  almost  indistinguish- 
able, even  in  recent  specimens.  Listrochelus  occurs  today  in  the 
southern  and  western  United  States  and  in  Mexico. 

ANOMALA  Koeppe. 

Two  species  apparently  belonging  to  this  genus  are  found  in  the 
collection.  While  not  very  numerously  represented  in  the  United 
States  at  the  present  day,  the  genus  Anomala  is  of  great  extent  and 
wide  distribution.  It  is  also  rather  polymorphic. 

ANOMALA  EXTERRANEA,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  7,  fig.  3. 

Form  moderately  elongate.  Head  strongly  and  closely  punctured 
across  the  vertex,  less  so  upon  the  occiput.  Clypeus  rounding  in 
front,  moderately  punctate.  Prothorax  nearly  twice  as  broad  as  long, 
a  little  narrower  anteriorly,  sides  broadly  arcuate,  surface  distinctly 
but  sparsely  punctate,  a  well-marked  longitudinal  median  line  (possi- 
bly-due to  a  crack).  Elytra  moderately  finely  and  closely  punctate, 
the  punctures  subseriately  arranged,  some  of  the  interstitial  lines 
faintly  costiform.  Legs  wanting  in  the  type,  and  too  poorly  preserved 


460  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

in  the  other  specimen  to  warrant  description.     Length  of  type,  from 

front  of  clypeus  to  the  abdominal  apex,  16.85  mm. ;  of  elytron,  10  mm. 

Described  from  two  specimens,  one  with,  the  other  without  counter- 


»  —  No  2,571  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  13,610  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.).  Paratype,  No.  2,572,  2,573  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  8,162 
and  8,279  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

A  good-sized  species  apparently  belonging  in  the  group  with  the 
elongate  forms  which  are  rather  abundant  in  Mexico  and  the  south- 
western United  States.  In  the  paratype  the  sides  of  the  prothorax 
are  more  divergent  posteriorly  and  the  elytral  punctuation  is  better 
shown,  but  I  think  there  is  no  doubt  of  its  specific  identity  with  the 
type. 

ANOMALA  SCUDDERI,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  8,  fig.  4-6. 

Form  elongate,  the  abdomen  probably  unnaturally  extended  in  the 
specimen  at  hand.  As  only  the  ventral  view  is  shown,  the  characters 
of  the  head  and  prothorax  are  obscured.  Elytron,  (only  one  being 
preserved),  nearly  two  and  a  half  times  as  long  as  wide,  apex  broadly 
rounded,  surface  sculpture  not  showing  through  on  to  the  underside 
and  for  that  reason  probably  not  strong.  Legs  moderately  elongate 
and  not  very  heavy,  the  tarsal  joints  rather  stout  and  short,  the  claws 
simple  or  nearly  so  except  that  one  of  the  middle  pair  is  toothed  near 
the  base.  Length,  from  front  of  head  to  abdominal  apex,  9.25  mm.; 
of  elytron,  5.30  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,574  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  5,125  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

Though  lacking  any  very  characteristic  features,  the  leg  and  elytral 
structures  have  led  me  to  place  this  fossil  in  Anomala.  The  form, 
if  we  assume  that  the  abdomen  is  unnaturally  distended,  was  not  unlike 
that  of  the  modern  A.  semilivida. 

LIGYRUS  Burmeister. 

This  genus  is  represented  by  several  species  in  North  America  at  the 
present  day,  and  the  Scudder  collection  of  Florissant  fossils  contains 
two.  One  of  these  has  already  been  described,  the  other  is  undoubt- 
edly new. 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.    461 

LlGYRUS   EFFETUS,    Sp.   HOV. 

Plate  6,  fig.  11. 

Preserved  lying  partly  on  the  back,  so  as  to  give  a  view  of  the  side 
and  a  portion  of  each  of  the  dorsal  and  ventral  surfaces,  but  the 
condition  is  too  poor  to  allow  the  sculpture  to  be  described.  Head 
small,  as  usual  in  this  genus.  Prothorax  short  and  wide.  Elytra 
exhibiting  faint  traces  of  striae,  whether  punctate  or  not  it  is  impos- 
sible to  say.  Legs  very  short  and  stout,  the  hind  tibiae  broad,  middle 
ones  less  so.  Tarsal  articulation  not  well  defined,  but  the  hind  tarsus 
is  at  least  as  long  as  the  tibia.  Length,  13.75  mm. 

Described  from  a  single  specimen  with  its  counterpart. 

Type  —  No.  2,576,2,  577  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  12,025 
and  12,031  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

By  the  facies,  this  should  belong  with  Ligyrus.  It  is  a  smaller 
species  than  L.  compositus  of  these  shales,  being  about  equal  in  length 
to  undersized  examples  of  the  recent  L.  gibbosus.  Most  probably, 
though  not  certainly,  it  differed  from  either  of  the  above  in  having 
finer  sculpture. 

LIGYRUS  COMPOSITUS  Wickham. 

Two  specimens,  No.  2,578,  2,579  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  953,  13,614  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.)  both  poor,  probably  belong  to  this  species. 

STRATEGUS  CESSATUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  7,  fig.  4. 

Elytron  castaneous,  finely,  sparsely,  and  irregularly  punctate. 
There  is  a  fine  sutural  bead,  a  similar  exteromarginal  one  which  is 
slightly  less  pronounced,  and  about  nine  fine  discal  striae,  one  of  which 
is  paired  with  the  sutural  bead  while  the  others  form  four  double  series 
as  shown  in  the  figure.  These  striae  are  finely  and  distantly  punctate. 
Length  17  mm.  Width  8.80  mm. 

Described  from  a  single  specimen,  an  elytron  only. 

Type.—  No.  2,575  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  9,047  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

After  comparing  this  elytron  with  those  of  a  great  number  of  recent 
American  and  foreign  genera,  I  have  placed  it  in  Strategus  since  it 


462  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

corresponds  more  closely  with  S.  cessus  of  our  western  states  and 
Mexico  than  with  anything  else  I  have  seen.  The  size  of  the  two  is 
almost  identical  and  the  nature  of  the  sculpture,  as  well  as  the  arrange- 
ment of  the  duplicate  series  is  very  similar.  On  account  of  the  fineness 
and  indistinctness  of  the  punctuation  of  the  striae  and  interstices  I 
have  not  attempted  to  trace  it  in  detail  with  the  camera  lucida  except 
in  one  or  two  areas  where  it  is  particularly  well  preserved.  The  courses 
of  the  striae  are,  for  the  most  part,  shown  on  the  figure  in  solid  lines. 
The  surface  is  alutaceous  throughout,  but  this  minute  sculpture  may 
be  due  to  the  texture  of  the  stone. 


CERAMBYCIDAE. 
PHYMATODES  Mulsant. 

A  species  of  this  genus  (Phymatodes  volans)  has  been  described  from 
the  Florissant  shales  by  Cockerell  and  Beutenmueller.  The  one 
which  follows  is  almost  too  large  for  a  Phymatodes  and  the  reference 
is  to  be  considered  entirely  provisional. 

PHYMATODES  MIOCENICUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  9,  fig.  1. 

Represented  by  an  elytron  and  a  portion  of  a  leg,  the  structure  of  the 

latter  indicating  that  the  insect  does  not  belong  to  the  Buprestidae, 

where  similar  elytral  color  patterns  are  not  uncommon.     Elytron 

elongate,  in  comparison  with  its  width,  the  humeral  region  some- 

what prominent,  the  outer  margin  sinuate  behind  the  humerus,  nar- 

rowing the  elytron  to  about  the  middle  whence  it  broadens  for  a  short 

iistance  before  narrowing  again  to  the  truncate  unarmed  apex.     The 

urface  is  finely  punctate  or  scabrous,  the  color  dark,  (brownish  on  the 

stone)  crossed  by  two  well-defined  whitish  bands,  nearly  at  right 

ang  es  to  the  suture,  which  divide  the  elytron  into  three  almost  equal 

h  7s  T  V1S!    upon  the  wing  cover'  but  the^  show  up°n 


h  ' 

?^  1S         wy,  Te  "-preserved  P°rtion  °f  the  leg.     Length 
10  50  mm.     Width  across  posterior  band  2.30  mm 
Described  from  one  specimen  with  counterpart. 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.    463 

The  specimen  indicates  a  longicorn  beetle  of  a  rather  uncommon 
type  of  coloration,  though  approached  more  or  less  closely  by  recent 
species  of  various  tribes.  It  seems  worth  while  to  give  a  specific  name 
to  the  insect  on  account  of  its  colorational  interest.  The  pattern  is 
almost  a  copy  of  that  of  the  recent  African  Ceroplesis  bicincta. 

ELAPHIDION  EXTINCTUM,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  8,  fig.  7. 

Form  stout.  Head  smaller  than  the  prothorax,  the  jaws  fairly 
strongly  projecting,  front  finely,  transversely,  subrugosely  punctu- 
late.  Eyes  not  defined.  Antennae  only  obscurely  exhibiting  the 
proximal  joints,  the  first  stout,  second  apparently  short,  third  long. 
Prothorax  strongly  transverse,  sides  not  perfect  but  apparently 
moderately  arcuate,  surface  rather  finely  but  very  closely  and  fairly 
deeply  punctate,  the  punctures  in  front  of  the  middle  more  or  less  con- 
fluent with  a  tendency  to  form  transverse  rugae,  an  impunctate  area, 
probably  a  callosity,  on  each  side.  Elytra  bluntly  rounded  at  apex, 
more  finely  and  sparsely  punctate  than  the  prothorax  and  with  scat- 
tered, short,  blackish  hairs.  The  only  leg  shown  is  fairly  slender. 
Length,  from  apex  of  jaws  to  that  of  abdomen,  11.35  mm. ;  of  head  and 
prothorax,  3.75  mm.;  of  the  right  elytron,  6.45  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen  with  counterpart. 

Type.—  No.  2,582,  2,583  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  11,780 
and  12,034  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

By  allowing  some  latitude  of  definition,  this  may  have  been  an 
Elaphidion-like  form  of  the  same  general  appearance  as  the  recent 
E.  moestum  but  with  callosities  similar  to  those  of  the  more  typical 
species  of  the  genus.  Too  little  is  shown  to  make  the  generic  reference 
at  all  certain. 

STENOSPHENUS  PRISTINUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  9,  fig.  2. 

Form  elongate.  Head  large,  longer  than  the  prothorax.  Antennae 
about  as  long  as  the  entire  body,  basal  joint  large,  second  small,  third 
longer  than  the  fourth  which  is  subequal  to  the  fifth  and  to  the  sixth, 
remainder  not  definable.  The  sixth  joint  seems  to  show  an  apical 
.spine  but  the  margins  of  all  the  articles  are  poorly  preserved,  so  that 


464  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

this  character  is  in  doubt.  Prothorax  broader  than  long,  arcuate  at 
sides.  Elytra  long  and  narrow,  apex  without  defined  spine,  but  the 
stone  is  too  rough  to  allow  of  certain  judgment.  Legs  slender,  thighs 
but  little  clavate.  Length,  10.50  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type  — No.  2,584  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  11,289  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

The  generic  determination  rests  upon  the  facies.  The  form  is  that 
of  the  North  American  species  of  Stenosphenus,  in  fact  the  resemblance 
is  so  striking  as  to  be  manifest  at  the  first  glance.  The  stone  on  which 
the  insect  is  shown  is  of  such  rough  texture  that  the  margins  of  the 
impression  are  all  more  or  less  blurred  and  it  is  impossible  to  be  sure 
of  the  presence  or  absence  of  spines  upon  the  antennae,  knees,  or 
elytra.  The  sculpture  is  entirely  effaced.  Because  of  the  charac- 
teristic form  of  the  beetle,  I  have  thought  it  worth  figuring  and  naming.. 

CLYTUS  FLORISSANTENSIS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  10,  fig.  1. 

Form  stout  for  this  group.  Head  decidedly  narrower  than  the 
prothorax,  and,  including  the  projecting  mandibles,  as  long  as  wide. 
Mandibles  subtriangular  in  outline,  the  external  margins  moderately 
strongly  and  regularly  arcuate,  their  length  equal  to  about  one  half 
that  of  the  head.  Cephalic  sculpture  rather  weak,  consisting  of  a  not 
very  close  granulation  and  rugosity.  Antennae  incompletely  pre- 
served, but  in  life  evidently  reaching  beyond  the  elytral  tips,  though 
not  far,  if  at  all,  past  the  end  of  the  abdomen,  the  first  joint  clavate, 
not  very  elongate,  the  second  small,  third  distinctly  longer  than  the 
fourth  which  is  somewhat  shorter  than  the  fifth  or  sixth,  the  remainder 
incomplete  or  wanting  though  a  detached  distal  joint  lying  across  one 
wing-cover  indicates  that  those  near  the  apex  were  somewhat  greater 
m  length.  The  third,  fourth,  and  sixth  joints,  each  show  a  strong 

ha'nthT  JT'-    ^  ^  definable'     Pr°thorax  much  br<>^ 


and  pronouncedly  so  on  the  anteromlZTarea.  "There 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.    465 

is  evidence  of  a  longitudinal  medial  callosity  or  raised  line,  stronger 
near  the  base.  Elytra  rather  short,  moderately  tapering,  apex 
truncate  with  a  strong,  sharp,  external  spine  and  a  short  sutural 
denticle.  Surface  rather  finely  punctate  and  granulate,  this  sculpture 
showing  best  in  a  light  colored  transverse  band  of  irregular  shape  which 
extends  across  in  the  neighborhood  of  the  basal  third,  this  band  having 
arcuate  fore  and  hind  margins  which  converge  so  as  to  make  it  nar- 
rower at  the  suture.  In  this  light  area  are  seen  moderately  long 
scattered  black  hairs.  Abdomen,  as  preserved,  long  enough  to  extend 
beyond  the  elytral  tips  but  perhaps  unnaturally  distended.  Legs 
wanting,  excepting  one  belonging  to  the  posterior  pair  which  is  of 
only  moderate  length,  the  femur  not  strongly  clavate,  tarsal  joints 
not  expanded,  the  first  scarcely  equal  to  the  next  two.  Length,  from 
apex  of  mandibles  to  that  of  abdomen,  19  mm. ;  of  elytron,  excluding 
spine,  9.60  mm.;  of  seven  proximal  joints  of  antenna  8.40  mm. 
Width  of  elytron  at  middle  of  band,  3  mm. 

Described  from  a  single  specimen  with  counterpart. 

Type.— No.  2,585,  2,586  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  11,795 
and  12,419  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

In  this  specimen,  the  elytra  and  hind  wings  are  both  spread  but  the 
secondaries  are  not  clear  enough  to  make  a  description  feasible.  The 
drawing  does  not  show  the  latter.  The  generic  reference  is  to  be 
understood  as  applying  broadly  but  the  insect  shows  so  many  features 
that  are  common  in  the  Clytini  as  to  make  the  assignment  plausible 
at  any  rate.  These  characters  are  the  large  rounded  prothorax,  the 
shape  of  the  head  and  mandibles,  the  rather  short,  spinose  antennae, 
the  short  elytra,  armed  at  apex  and  with  transverse  maculation,  and 
the  long  abdomen.  On  the  whole,  I  am  inclined  to  place  it  near 
Cyllene  rather  than  with  any  of  the  other  genera  that  I  know,  though 
the  hind  tarsi  are  more  like  those  of  Clytus  (for  example  the  recent 
C.  lanifer),  but  have  chosen  the  term  Clytus  as  being,  in  its  broad 
sense,  more  inclusive.  The  anterior  coxae  are  well  separated  and  the 
prosternum  is  fairly  broad. 

GAUROTES  STRIATOPUNCTATUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  9,  fig.  3. 

Form  rather  robust.  Head  small,  eyes  not  prominent.  Antennae 
well  over  half  the  length  of  the  entire  body,  not  specially  modified  in 
any  way,  the  joints  beyond  the  second  subequal  as  far  as  can  be  seen. 


466  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

Prothorax  broad  at  base,  finely  and  inconspicuously  punctured. 
Elytra  wide  at  base,  rather  rapidly  tapering  to  their  apices  which  are 
conjointly  rounded,  disk  with  about  ten  to  twelve  striae  of  fine  but 
sharp  regularly  spaced  elliptical  punctures,  their  long  axes  following 
the  strial  line,  these  punctures  separated  by  about  their  own  lengths. 
Interspaces  relatively  broad,  flat,  and  smooth.  Legs  showing  the 
femora  of  the  hind  pair  and  one  of  those  of  the  front,  not  much  thick- 
ened. Length,  from  front  of  head  to  abdominal  apex,  9.25  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.— No.  2,587  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  9,165  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

The  best  place  for  this  beetle  appears  to  be  in  Gaurotes  with  which 
it  agrees  in  form  and  antennal  structure  and  fairly  well  in  sculpture 
which  seems  to  be  of  a  type  rather  uncommon  in  the  Lepturoides. 
The  recent  G.  cyanipennis  has  striatopunctate  elytra  but  the  punc- 
tures are  finer  and  the  striae  more  numerous  than  in  the  fossil. 


LEPTURA  NANELLA,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  9,  fig.  4. 

Form  elongate,  fairly  slender.  Head  of  moderate  size,  eye  elliptical, 
the  outline  hardly  well  enough  preserved  to  show  whether  or  not  it  is 
emarginate.  Antenna  a  little  longer  than  the  head  and  prothorax, 
slender,  not  serrate,  the  joints  rather  indistinctly  set  off  so  as  not  to 
allow  of  separate  description.  Prothorax,  in  side  view,  campanulate, 
punctuation  fine  and  poorly  preserved.  Elytron  obtuse  at  tip, 
strongly  and  deeply  but  rather  sparsely  punctate,  the  punctures 
circular,  separated  on  the  basal  region  by  about  once  or  twice  their 
own  diameters  but  becoming  much  finer  and  more  widely  spaced 
apically.  Sternal  side-pieces  nearly  smooth.  Abdomen  finely  and 
sparsely  punctate,  each  puncture  carrying  a  short  fine  hair.  I^egs 
apparently  moderately  stout.  Length,  4.10  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,588  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  9,682  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

A  small  species,  about  the  size  of  the  recent  L.  haematites  and  L. 
molybdica.  It  is  smaller  than  any  of  the  described  Florissant  forms 
of  this  genus,  the  nearest  approach  in  this  respect  being  L.  leidyi 
which  reaches  a  length  of  7.50  mm. 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.   467 


LEPTURA  ANTECURRENS  Wickham. 

One  specimen  with  counterpart,  No.  2,589,  2,590  M.  C.  Z.  (No. 
13,624  and  13,672  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.).  The  condition  is  inferior  to 
that  of  the  type  and  no  additional  characters  can  be  made  out  except 
that  the  present  example  is  a  very  little  larger. 


LEPTURA  PETRORUM  Wickham. 

Three  specimens  showing  but  one  side,  No.  2,591-2,593  M.  C.  Z., 
and  another  with  counterpart,  No.  2,594,  2,595  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  8,985, 
12,434,  14,164,  9,187  and  9,719  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.).  Only  the  last 
is  in  good  enough  preservation  to  show  the  characteristic  sharp  elytral 
tip. 

LEPTURA  INGENUA,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  10,  fig.  2. 

Form  moderately  stout.  Head  badly  crushed  but  evidently  rather 
large.  Eyes  not  definable.  Antennae  slender,  and,  as  preserved, 
reaching  well  behind  the  middle  of  the  elytra.  Prothorax  also  badly 
damaged  by  crushing,  of  a  lighter  color  than  the  head,  apparently 
reddish  or  yellowish.  Elytra  hardly  at  all  tapering  behind,  surface 
coarsely  and  deeply,  moderately  closely  punctured  at  base,  the  sculp- 
ture becoming  finer  posteriorly,  fading  out  near  the  apices  which  are 
separately  rounded,  each  with  a  longitudinal  slightly  oblique  pale  vitta 
showing  on  the  darker  background.  Legs  wanting.  Length,  7.60  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type  — No.  2,596  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  6,382  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

Judging  from  the  remains,  this  is  a  lepturid  beetle  of  rather  broad 
build.  The  elytral  coloration  is  like  that  of  the  recent  Leptura  vibex 
of  the  eastern  United  States.  Probably  the  antennae  were  pale  or 
reddish  like  the  prothorax,  or  perhaps  a  little  darker. 


gen.  nov. 

Form  approaching  that  of  Ipochus.     Head  nearly  as  large  as  the 
prothorax.     Antennae  (with  only  ten  joints  preserved)  reaching  about 


468  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

to  the  elytral  tips,  first  joint  stout,  oval,  longer  than  the  third,  second 
about  two  thirds  the  length  of  the  third  which  is  about  two  thirds  as 
long  as  the  fourth,  fifth  a  little  longer,  sixth,  seventh,  and  eighth  a 
little  shorter,  ninth  and  tenth  subequal  to  each  other  but  not  quite  as 
long  as  the  eighth.  Pronotum  without  lateral  spines.  Elytra  with 
rounded  humeri,  hind  wings  probably  wanting  or  not  functional. 
Type. —  P.  vandykei,  sp.  nov. 


PROTIPOCHUS  VANDYKEI,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  9,  fig.  5:   Plate  10,  fig.  3^. 

Form  resembling  that  of  Ipochus  or  Parmena,  surface  finely  trans- 
versely wrinkled  on  head  and  pronotum  and  with  vestiture  of  rather 
short  fine  hairs.  Head,  including  the  jaws,  a  trifle  longer  than  wide, 
eyes  not  definable  but  probably  not  prominent  in  life.  Antenna 
moderately  slender.  Pronotum  subequal  at  base  and  apex,  sides  regu- 
larly rounded  without  spine  or  tubercle,  the  greatest  width  near  the 
middle  where  it  exceeds  the  length  by  more  than  one-half.  Scutel- 
lum  moderate.  Elytra  nearly  smooth,  and,  as  preserved,  not  quite 
covering  the  abdomen,  which,  however,  is  probably  somewhat  abnor- 
mally distended  by  maceration.  Femora  clavate,  stout,  tibiae 
straight,  finely  hairy.  Length,  5.70  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type  —  No.  2,597  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  10,870  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

This  is  a  very  interesting  and  puzzling  little  longhorn.  From  the 
size  of  the  head  and  the  general  facies,  it  would  appear  to  belong  to  the 
Lamiinae.  The  antennae  are  hard  to  match,  however,  and  on  com- 
parison with  specimens,  figures,  and  descriptions  of  numerous  foreign 
and  domestic  genera  I  find  nothing  to  agree  exactly  with  them.  They 
differ  from  those  of  most  of  the  genera  in  this  vicinity  by  the  short 
third  and  long  fifth  joint  and  by  the  distal  articles  not  decreasing 
rapidly  in  length.  They  seem  to  resemble  those  of  Michthysoma  in 
many  respects,  but  the  body  form,  thoracic  armature,  and  coarse 
sculpture  of  that  genus  are  entirely  foreign  to  the  fossil.  I  have  finally 
concluded  that  Protipochus  may  go  into  Thomson's  group  Parmenitae 
of  his  subtribe  Dorcadionitae.  This  group  comprises  genera  from  all 
of  the  continents  and  in  North  America  is  represented  by  the  Califor- 
man  genus  Ipochus.  Our  fossil,  while  resembling  Ipochus  in  outline, 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.    469 

differs  in  the  proportions  of  the  antennal  joints,  which,  in  Ipochus, 
decrease  rapidly  in  length  from  the  third  to  the  fifth.  The  legs  of 
Protipochus  are  rather  short,  the  thighs  strongly  clavate,  but  owing 
to  their  showing  through  the  specimen  they  are  not  represented  in  the 
gross  figure.  The  detail  will  give  an  idea  of  the  appearance  of  the 
middle  leg. 

I  take  pleasure  in  giving  this  species  the  name  of  Dr.  Edwin  C. 
Van  Dyke  of  San  Francisco. 

LEPTOSTYLUS  SCUDDERI,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  10,  fig.  5. 

Form  moderately  elongate.  Head  with  prominent  jaws.  Antennae 
slender,  about  one  and  three  fifths  times  the  length  of  the  body,  first 
joint  long,  subcylindrical,  second  short,  third  barely  longer  than  the 
first,  fourth  subequal  to  the  third,  fifth,  and  sixth  a  little  shorter,  the 
remainder  not  distinctly  separable.  There  is  no  visible  antennal  vesti- 
ture.  Prothorax  nearly  twice  as  broad  as  long,  sides  arcuate  with  no 
defined  spine  nor  tubercle.  Elytra  long,  four  and  a  half  times  the 
prothoracic  length,  strongly  tapering  from  about  the  middle  to  the 
apices  which  are  moderately  sharply  painted  but  unarmed.  Legs 
lacking  except  one  which  probably  belongs  to  the  middle  pair;  this 
is  of  moderate  length  and  stoutness,  tarsal  joints  ill  defined.  Length, 
from  front  of  head  to  tip  of  abdomen,  11.35  mm. 

Described  from  a  single  specimen. 

Type.— No.  2,598  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  929  S.  H. 
'Scudder  Coll.). 

The  facies  of  this  insect  is  entirely  that  of  a  Leptostylus,  with  which 
genus  it  agrees  in  the  antennal  and  thoracic  structures.  The  long 
antennae  are  in  accord  with  those  of  the  recent  L.  biustus  and  L. 
terraecolor.  The  coloration  seems  to  have  been  a  mottling,  arranged 
in  irregular  transverse  bands,  the  best  marked  of  which  are  in  the  form 
of  two  rather  broad  postmedian  fasciae.  It  will  be  noted  that  the  tho- 
racic sides,  as  preserved,  are  not  symmetrical,  the  left  one  showing  about 
the  same  shape  as  in  L.  biustus,  while  the  other  is  simply  rounded. 

PROTONCIDERES  PRIMUS  Wickham. 

A  specimen  of  a  lamiide  in  this  collection,  No.  2,599  M.  C.  Z.  (No. 
13,594  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.),  differs  from  my  type  of  P.  primus  in  just 


470  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

the  manner  which  frequently  characterizes  the  sexes  in  recent  species. 
The  type  of  P.  primus  is  presumed  to  be  a  male,  and  the  specimen 
before  me  shows  the  following  divergencies:—  size  larger,  build  a  little 
heavier,  antennae  somewhat  thicker,  basal  joints  smoother,  third 
relatively  shorter.  I  find  no  characters  upon  which  to  base  specific 
separation  and  therefore  prefer  to  consider  it  the  female  of  P.  primus. 
The  length  is  about  26.50  mm.,  but  since  the  elytral  apex  is  not  quite 
perfect  it  cannot  be  ascertained  exactly. 


CHRYSOMELIDAE. 
DONACIA  PRIMAEVA  Wickham. 

Two  specimens,  one  with  counterpart  (No.  2,601-2,603  M.  C.  Z. 
No.  8,853  and  10,177,  11,989  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.),  belong  to  a  species 
of  Donacia  and  are  similar  in  all  respects  to  my  type  of  D.  primaeva 
except  that  the  latter  is  a  little  smaller  and  has  the  punctuation  better 
defined.  I  do  not  think  these  differences  give  sufficient  basis  for  speci- 
fic separation  and  therefore  include  all  the  material  under  the  above 
name. 

LEMA  EVANESCENS  Wickham. 

Represented  by  many  specimens,  the  best  of  which  are  No.  2,604- 
2,611  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  811,  897,  1,985,  3,593,  4,956,  8,693,  8,919,  9,595 
S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

LEMA  FORTIOR,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  13,  fig.  1. 

Form  moderately  stout  but  distorted  by  being  much  crushed.  An- 
tennae stout,  eyes  prominent.  Prothorax  with  no  defined  sculpture. 
Elytra  with  rows  of  strong  circular  punctures,  those  in  any  one  row 
separated  by  about  their  own  diameters,  the  intervening  spaces  vary- 
ing a  little  more  or  less.  Legs  wanting.  Length,  from  front  of  head  to 
elytral  tip,  5.75  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.— No.  2,612  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  8,116  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.).  It  is  likely  that  No.  2,613  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  7,762  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.)  also  belongs  here.  I  have  provisionally  considered 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.   471 

No.  2,614  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  3,375  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.)  as  representing  the 
same  species,  although  the  punctuation  is  less  pronounced. 

With  some  hesitation,  I  have  separated  this  from  L.  evanescens  on 
account  of  the  much  stronger  punctuation  of  the  present  bisect. 
This  is  particularly  noticeable  towards  the  elytral  apices  since  in 
L.  evanescens  the  strial  rows  are  scarcely  visible  beyond  the  middle 
while  in  L.  fortior  they  continue  distinct  to  near  the  tip. 


CRIOCERIDEA  DUBIA  Wickham. 

Not  uncommon.  Represented  by  good  specimens,  No.  2,615-2,619 
M.  C.  Z.  (No.  7,977,  9,577,  11,242,  4,458  and  11,737  S.  H.  Scudder 
Coll.).  Poorer  examples,  No.  2,620-2,623  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  438,  8,644, 
3,110,  11,791  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.)  probably  belong  here. 


COLASPIS   DILUVIALIS,    Sp.    nOV. 

Plate  11,  fig.  1. 

Form  rather  elongate.  Head  too  much  damaged  to  show  the  sha^e. 
Antennae  incomplete  but  displaying  several  of  the  proximal  joints 
hich  are  slender  though  somewhat  thicker  than  in  recent  species, 
'rothorax  poorly  defined,  flanks  beneath  moderately  coarsely  and  quite 
losely  though  not  very  deeply  punctured.  Meso-  and  metathorax 
nore  finely  punctate  and  transversely  or  obliquely  subrugose  beneath, 
llytra  showing  only  a  portion  of  one  side  upon  which  the  sculpture  is 
isplayed  in  the  form  of  nearly  regular  striae  of  circular  or  slightly 
ransversely  elliptical  deep  punctures,  those  of  the  same  row  separated 
y  spaces  usually  much  less  than  the  diameters  of  the  punctures.  The 
culpture  is  much  finer  towards  the  apex,  and,  on  account  of  poor 
reservation,  is  nearly  effaced  near  the  base.  Abdomen  nearly  smooth 
ut  showing  traces  of  shallow  punctuation.  Legs  wanting.  Length, 
rom  front  of  head  to  abdominal  apex,  4.50  mm. 
Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,626  M.  C.  Z.    Florissant,  Col.     (No.  6,872  S.  H. 
cudder  Coll.). 

Most  likely  this  insect  is  not  a  true  Colaspis  though  it  may  be  re- 
ived in  that  genus  in  its  broad  interpretation.     It  is  more  like  Rhab- 


472  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

dopterus  in  the  nature  of  the  elytral  sculpture,  this  being  more  regular 
than  in  the  recent  North  American  species  of  Colaspis.  By  descrip- 
tion, the  present  species  is  close  to  Scudder's  C.  luti  but  has  relatively 
a  much  shorter  prothorax.  The  figure  of  C.  luti  represents  the  abdo- 
men as  having  six  segments. 


COLASPIS  PROSERPINA,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  11,  fig.  2. 

Form  moderately  elongate.  Head  without  definable  sculpture,  eye 
elliptical,  antenna  poorly  preserved  but  evidently  long,  about  hah* 
the  length  of  the  body.  Prothorax  simply  roughened,  the  separate 
punctures  not  distinguishable.  Meso-  and  metasternum,  their  side- 
pieces  and  abdomen  nearly  smooth.  Elytron  roughened  as  if  sculp- 
tured with  partly  obliterated  irregular  punctures  after  the  manner  of 
the  recent  C.  chrysis,  though  less  deeply.  Legs  too  poorly  preserved 
for  description.  Length,  6.10  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen  with  counterpart. 

Type  —  No.  2,624,  2,625  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  9,006 
and  9,103  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

The  generic  reference  is  open  to  doubt.  The  insect  seems  to  belong 
to  the  Eumolpini  and  near  Colaspis  but  the  sculpture  is  not  matched 
in  my  series  of  recent  forms.  Most  of  the  upper  surface  seems  to  be 
rough  as  in  C.  chrysis  while  the  smooth  side-pieces  of  the  meso-  and 
metasternum  are  like  Rhabdopterus.  True  generic  characters  are! 
lacking.  It  differs  from  the  other  Florissan t  species  described  as  Colas- 
pis  in  the  combination  of  size  and  sculpture. 


CHRYSOMELA  VESPERALIS  Scudder. 

The  specimen  with  counterpart,  No.  2,627,  2,628  M.  C.  Z.  (Noj 
11,264  and  13,649  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.),  referred  here,  is  shown  in  side 
view.  It  has  altogether  the  form  of  Chrysomela  and  answers  the  de-j 
tails  of  the  original  description.  The  elytral  punctuation  in  thej 
present  specimen  is  fine,  a  point  not  specified  by  Scudder  though  natu-j 
rally  inferable  from  his  figure. 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.    473 

DlABROTICA   BOWDITCHIANA,    Sp.   nov. 

Plate  11,  fig.  4. 

Form  moderately  elongate,  broader  posteriorly.  Head,  inclusive 
of  jaws,  about  as  long  as  the  pronotum  but  not  equalling  it  in  breadth. 
Syes  rather  large,  rounded,  very  black  and  strongly  outlined  in  the 
specimen,  the  remainder  of  the  head  being  pale.  Antennae  slender, 
so  far  as  shown,  but  only  their  basal  portions  are  preserved.  Prono- 
tum about  one  and  one  half  times  as  broad  as  long,  sides  weakly 
rounded,  apex  and  base  subequal.  Elytra  a  little  more  than  four 
times  as  long  as  the  pronotum,  finely  punctate  but  with  no  signs  of 
itriae.  Legs  wanting.  Length,  7  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,600  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  3,467  S.  H. 
scudder  Coll.). 

The  form  was  evidently  not  unlike  that  of  the  recent  D.  12-punctata, 
hough  probably  more  slender.  What  remains  of  the  elytral  sculpture 
ndicates  a  type  more  like  that  of  Trirhabda  than  of  any  of  the  North 
\merican  species  of  Diabrotica  known  to  me  though  possibly  it  may  be 
jaralleled  in  some  of  the  numerous  South  American  representatives  of 
he  latter  genus  to  which  I  have  not  access.  The  marmorate  appear- 
ince  seems  due  to  the  mode  of  preservation  and  not  to  the  presence  of 
iny  definite  pattern.  The  prothorax  is  pale  like  the  head.  The 
(resent  species  is  considerably  larger  than  the  Florissant  fossil  D. 
xcsa. 

It  is  named  for  Mr.  Frederick  C.  Bowditch  of  Brookline,  Massa- 
husetts. 

DIABROTICA  UTEANA,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  11,  fig.  5. 

Form  similar  to  that  of  D.  bowditchiana  but  a  little  more  robust, 
-lead  rather  large,  antennae  shorter  and  stouter  than  in  most  of  the 
ecent  North  American  species.  Pronotum  damaged  on  one  side,  the 
>ther  appears  to  be  but  slightly  arcuate,  the  base  broader  th?n  the 
pex.  Elytra  four  and  one  half  times  as  long  as  the  pronotum,  punc- 
uation  not  distinct,  but  with  some  signs  of  striation  near  the  outer 
nargin.  Legs  wanting.  Length,  4.35  mm. 

Described  from  a  single  specimen. 


474  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

Type.— No.  2,629  M.  C.  Z.    Florissant,  Col.     (No.  507  S.   H. 

Intermediate  in  size  between  D.  exesa  and  D.  bowditchiana,  both 
from  these  shales. 

DlABROTICA   FLORISSANTELLA,    sp.    HOV. 

Plate  11,  fig.  3. 

Form  similar  to  that  of  the  living  D.  longicornis.  Head  of  moder- 
ate size,  the  antennae  showing  only  nine  joints  but  these,  if  straight- 
ened out,  would  reach  fully  two  thirds  of  the  distance  to  the  abdominal 
apex.  Prothorax  short,  the  form  too  much  distorted  for  description. 
Elytra  distinctly  but  finely  longitudinally  striate,  the  striae  apparently 
not  punctured.  Legs  normally  slender.  Length,  6  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,630  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  9,566  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

While  the  species  of  Florissant  fossils  assigned  to  Diabrotica  do  not 
offer  any  very  striking  characters,  it  seems  worth  while  to  give  this 
one  a  name  since  if  fairly  well  preserved  it  will  usually  be  separable 
from  the  other  three  by  the  long  antennae  and  the  distinct  elytral 
striae. 

DIABROTICA  EXESA  Wickham. 

One  specimen,  No.  2,631  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  9,193  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.).] 

TRIRHABDA  SEPULTA,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  11,  fig.  6. 

Form  about  like  that  of  the  recent  T.  canadensis.  Head  finely 
punctate,  the  punctures  extensively  confluent  forming  rugae.  Anten- 
nae (possibly  not  preserved  to  the  extreme  tip)  not  quite  as  long  as 
the  elytra,  the  basal  five  joints  proportioned  about  as  in  T.  contergens., 
Prothorax  with  the  disk  scarcely  visibly  punctulate,  sides  only  feebly 
arcuate.  Elytra  not  at  all  striate,  sculpture  very  minute.  The  entire 
upper  surface  of  the  body,  including  the  antennal  joints,  is  clothed 
with  fine  hairs,  quite  close-set  on  the  elytra  but  less  so  on  the  head  and 
pronotum.  Legs  wanting.  Length,  7.70  mm.;  of  elytron,  5  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.    475 

Type.—  No.  2,632  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  3,931  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

The  characters  shown  are  those  of  Trirhabda,  though  at  first  sight 
the  specimen  does  not  give  the  impression  of  belonging  to  that  genus 
which  is  well  represented  in  North  America  today.  The  size  is  about 
equal  to  that  of  T.  convergent  or  T.  attenuata. 


TRIRHABDA  MEGACEPHALA,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  12,  fig.  2. 

Form  elongate,  parallel.  Head  large  but  not  so  wide  as  the  pro- 
thorax.  Eyes  not  well  defined.  Antennae  damaged  but  showing  six 
of  the  intermediate  joints  which  are  slender,  not  serrate,  subequal, 
each  a  little  more  than  twice  as  long  as  wide.  In  life,  the  antennae 
must  have  reached  at  least  to  the  middle  of  the  elytra  and  probably 
beyond  that  point.  Prothorax  badly  injured  but  what  remains  shows 
it  to  have  been  not  far  from  twice  as  broad  as  long.  Scutellum  small. 
Elytra  four  times  as  long  as  the  prothorax,  apices  rounded.  Abdomen 
showing  five  nearly  equal  segments  which  can  be  seen  through  the 
elytra.  Legs  wanting.  Length,  to  elytral  apices,  8.70  mm.;  of  the 
elytra  5.80  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.— No.  2,633  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  3,166  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

The  entire  upper  surface  is  minutely  punctulate  and  finely  hairy. 
The  size  and  form  are  those  of  Trirhabda  and  it  seems  proper  to  place 
it  here  provisionally. 

TRIRHABDA  MAJUSCULA,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  12,  fig.  1. 

Form  moderately  elongate.  Head  abnormally  exserted,  rounded, 
minutely  punctulate  and  clothed  with  fine,  dark,  short,  close  hair. 
Eyes  rounded,  widely  distant  on  the  vertex.  Antennae  slender,  not 
serrate,  the  individual  joints  too  poorly  preserved  for  description. 
Prothorax  about  one  and  one  third  times  as  broad  as  long,  sides 
rounded,  apex  and  base  more  or  less  truncate,  surface  minutely 
punctured  and  clothed  similarly  to  the  head.  Scutellum  broad. 


476  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

Elytra  nearly  four  times  as  long  as  the  prothorax,  minutely  punc- 
tulate  and  clothed  like  the  rest  of  the  upper  surface,  apices  bluntly 
pointed.  Legs  in  very  poor  condition  but  apparently  of  normal 
thickness  for  the  genus.  Length,  to  elytral  apices,  10.15  mm.;  of 
elytron,  7.50  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type  — No.  2,634  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  11,266  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

Easily  distinguished  from  either  of  the  other  two  Florissant  species 
by  the  much  greater  size  which  slightly  exceeds  that  of  the  average 
specimen  of  the  recent  T.  canadensis. 

HALTICA  RENOVATA,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  13,  fig.  2. 

Form  oblong-ovate,  moderately  stout.  Head  showing  no  characters 
except  those  exhibited  by  one  antenna  which  is  incompletely  preserved 
but  the  five  joints  that  remain,  with  the  less  defined  remnants  of  two 
more,  are  slender  as  in  recent  species  of  the  genus.  The  entire  upper 
side  is  hidden  in  the  type,  but  the  elytral  epipleural  margin  does  not 
indicate  striation  nor  heavy  punctuation,  and  from  this  fact  and  the 
lack  of  sculpture  showing  through  the  body  we  may  infer  that  the 
surface  was  merely  finely  punctulate  or  smooth.  Anterior  coxae 
large,  probably  not  separated  for  their  full  length  by  the  prosternum. 
Under  surface  of  the  trunk,  including  the  abdomen,  with  no  conspicu- 
ous sculpture.  Hind  legs  with  strongly  swollen  femora,  the  tarsi 
crossed  so  as  to  hide  their  articulations.  Length,  5.25  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.— No.  2,635  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  7,296  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.) .  Probably  the  same  species  is  represented  by  No.  2,636, 
2,637  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  7,736,  3,507  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

It  is  possible  that  this  is  not  a  true  Haltica  but  the  general  agreement 
is  sufficiently  close. 

SYSTENA  FLORISSANTENSIS  Wickham. 

To  this  species  probably  belong  four  specimens,  No.  2,638-2,641 
M.  C.  Z.  (No.  413,  3,430,  8,933,  9,615  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.).  Like 
the  type,  they  show  the  underside  only. 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.   477 

PLECTROTETROPHANES,  gen.  nov. 

General  outline  similar  to  that  of  Plectrotetra  with  which  it  agrees 
also  in  the  open  front  coxal  cavities,  the  distinctly  striatopunctate 
elytra  and  the  relatively  slender  hind  femora.  It  differs  especially 
in  the  short  antennae  and  the  much  more  abbreviated  prosternum 
which  allows  the  front  coxal  cavities  to  become  widely  confluent. 

Type. —  P.  hageni,  sp.  nov. 

PLECTROTETROPHANES  HAGENI,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  12,  fig.  4. 

Form  moderately  elongate  but  probably  less  so  than  would  be 
inferred  from  the  figure  since  the  specimen  is  preserved  lying  on  its 
back  but  somewhat  askew.  Head  of  moderate  size,  eyes  rather  large. 
Antennae  short  for  the  Halticini,  second  joint  more  than  half  as  long 
as  the  third  which  is  a  little  shorter  than  the  first,  the  fourth  to  seventh 
subequal  and  of  nearly  the  same  size  as  the  third.  Pro  thorax  much 
broader  than  long,  the  exact  proportions  not  ascertainable  since  only  a 
ventral  view  is  shown  and  the  sides  are  badly  damaged.  Prosternum 
short  and  pointed  between  the  coxae,  rugose  in  front  of  them  and  not 
visibly  carinate.  The  prothoracic  flanks  are  distinctly  but  finely 
and  sparsely  punctate.  Mesosternum  rather  narrowly  separating 
the  middle  coxae,  side-pieces  nearly  smooth.  Metasternum  very 
finely  punctulate.  Elytra  showing  through  the  abdominal  segments, 
strongly  striatopunctate,  the  punctures  circular  and  well  separated, 
the  striae  subequidistant.  Hind  femur  rather  slender  though  possibly 
shown  on  edge.  Abdomen  finely  punctulate.  Length,  4.50  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.— No.  2,642  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  8,125  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

While  the  nature  of  the  preservation  of  this  insect  obscures  many 
important  features,  it  seems  to  be  related  to  the  Mexican  genus  Plec- 
trotetra in  the  chief  characters  shown.  None  of  our  North  American 
Halticini  with  striatopunctate  elytra  approach  it  nearly  so  closely. 
Compared  with  P.  dohrnii  from  Jalapa,  the  fossil  is  more  coarsely 
sculptured  and  the  striae  of  punctures  are  much  better  marked.  Most 
unfortunately  the  antennae  are  poorly  shown,  the  joints  beyond  the 
seventh  all  being  lacking  or  mutilated,  but  what  remains  of  these 


478  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

organs  indicates  that  they  were  much  shorter  than  in  Plectrotetra. 
The  left  antenna  of  the  fossil  (supposing  the  insect  to  be  in  its  natural 
position  instead  of  upon  its  back)  is  taken  to  show  the  true  structure, 
the  other  being  very  evidently  distorted.  The  courses  of  the  elytral 
striae,  as  they  show  through,  are  indicated  on  the  figure  by  dotted  lines 
except  in  a  few  places  where  the  punctuation  is  set  up  strongly  so  as 
to  allow  of  the  delineation  of  the  separate  points  with  a  camera  lucida. 
The  specific  name  is  given  for  the  late  Dr.  Hermann  A.  Hagen,  for 
many  years  in  charge  of  the  entomological  department  of  the  Mu- 
seum of  Comparative  Zoology. 


PROCHAETOCNEMA,  gen.  nov. 

Form  similar  to  that  of  the  recent  genus  Chaetocnema,  particularly 
the  shorter  species  like  C.  confinis.  Head  large,  antennae  slightly  thick- 
ened, 11-jointed,  decidedly  less  than  half  as  long  as  the  body.  Front 
coxae  well  separated  by  the  strongly  punctate  prosternum,  which  is 
expanded  at  tip.  Middle  and  hind  coxae  well  separated,  intercoxal 
process  of  first  ventral  blunt  at  tip.  Ventral  segments,  as  preserved, 
very  unequal,  the  first  extremely  long,  the  three  following  short,  the 
last  nearly  as  long  as  the  first.  Hind  femur  much  thickened,  posterior 
tibia  long,  expanded  apically  and  with  a  notch  before  the  tip. 

Type.  —  P.  florissantella,  sp.  nov. 

PROCHAETOCNEMA  FLORISSANTELLA,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  12,  fig.  3. 

Form  robust.  Head  moderately  large;  antennae  shorter  and 
thicker  than  in  the  recent  species  of  Halticini  with  which  I  have  been 
able  to  compare  it  joints  beyond  the  first  subequal.  Prosternum 
moderately  broad  between  the  coxae  and  expanded  at  tip  behind 
them,  strongy  punctured.  Meso-  and  metasternal  regions  more 
finely  punctate.  Abdomen  moderately  strongly  punctured  at  base, 

Cach  P°Sterior  coxa-     Hind 


Elvtra          t  -  gr°°Ved  on  one  face 

rinoe  the 


weak 


margl"where  H  is  ^^  more  or  less  obscured  if 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.   479 

Described  from  a  single  specimen  in  somewhat  oblique  ventral  view. 

Type  —  No.  2,643  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  9,430  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

At  first  sight,  I  referred  this  beetle  to  Chaetocnema,  but  it  differs 
in  many  points  from  that  genus  and  from  all  others  known  to  me.  The 
broad  punctured  prosternum  is  like  that  of  Chaetocnema  but  the 
antennae  are  more  like  those  of  Crepidodera,  though  shorter  and 
thicker  than  in  recent  species.  It  is  not  possible  to  determine  with 
certainty  whether  the  front  coxal  cavities  were  open  or  closed,  but, 
judging  from  the  prosternum,  probably  the  latter.  The  abdominal 
segmentation,  if  natural,  is  remarkable,  but  I  think  likely  it  is  dis- 
arranged, to  some  extent  at  least,  by  telescoping.  None  of  the  North 
American  genera  have  hind  tibiae  of  this  type  and  in  the  absence  of 
knowledge  as  to  the  point  of  tarsal  articulation  this  structure  gives 
us  no  good  clue  to  the  location  of  the  species  though  the  groove  reminds 
one  of  similar  sculpture  in  Dibolia.  On  the  whole,  I  should,  for  the 
present,  place  the  genus  in  the  neighborhood  of  Chaetocnema. 

ODONTOTA  Chevrolat. 

This  genus  is  the  only  one  of  the  Hispini  known  from  the  Florissant 
shales.  Today  the  group  is  not  very  strongly  represented  in  temperate 
North  America,  our  fauna  comprising  about  thirty-five  species,  twelve 
of  which  belong  to  Odontota. 


ODONTOTA  AMERICANA,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  11,  fig.  7-9. 

Form  rather  short  for  this  genus.  Head  and  prothorax  rough  but 
the  sculpture  is  not  well  defined.  Elytra  with  deep  wide  striae, 
coarsely  punctate  at  bottom.  The  exact  shape  of  the  punctures 
cannot  be  made  out  as  the  specimen  is  preserved  in  ventral  aspect  and 
only  those  which  show  through  can  be  distinguished.  Length,  3.85 
mm. 

Described  from  a  single  specimen. 

Type  —  No.  2,644  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  7,176  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.).  A  second  specimen,  No.  2,645  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  10,506 
S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.),  is  most  likely  the  same  species. 

No  doubt  need  attach  to  the  generic  identification,  the  form,  sculp- 
ture, and  structure  of  the  11-jointed  antennae  are  those  of  Odontota. 


480  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

BRUCHIDAE. 

SPERMOPHAGUS  PLUTO,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  13,  fig.  3^L 

Form  stout.  Head  small.  Antennae  short,  not  serrate,  the  joints 
of  the  middle  portion,  at  least,  squarish.  Prothorax  showing  moder- 
ately coarse  and  deep,  closely  placed  punctures  on  the  flanks,  sculpture 
of  the  remainder  of  the  underside  not  defined.  Legs  of  moderate 
length  for  the  family,  the  hind  femora  slightly  thickened,  hind  tibia 
carinate,  straight,  with  two  unequal  but  fairly  long  spurs  at  the  apex. 
Hind  coxae  not  much  dilated  and  scarcely  narrowing  the  basal  abdomi- 
nal segment.  Length,  4.75  mm.;  to  elytral  tips,  4  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen  showing  the  underside. 

Type  —  No.  2,646  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  8,843  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

The  rounded  tips  of  the  elytra  show  through  and  at  first  sight  give 
the  impression  of  being  enlarged  coxal  plates.  While  the  aspect  of 
this  insect  is  decidedly  bruchid,  I  have  not  been  able  to  assign  it  to 
Bruchus  because  of  the  distinct  spurs  on  the  posterior  tibia  and  have 
therefore  given  it  the  above  generic  position  rather  than  erect  a  new 
genus  upon  the  basis  of  the  difference  in  form  of  body  and  in  develop- 
ment of  the  legs.  The  short  antennae  will  separate  it  at  once  from 
S.  mvificatiis  and  the  form  of  the  hind  legs  will  distinguish  it  from  any 
of  the  Florissant  species  of  Bruchus  with  which  it  might  otherwise  be 
confused. 

BRUCHUS  PRIMOTICUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  13,  fig.  6;    Plate  14,  fig.  1-2. 

Form  robust.  Head  rather  large,  closely  and  minutely  punctulate. 
Antennae  moderately  stout,  distinctly  but  not  very  strongly  serrate. 
Prothorax  minutely  punctulate  in  similar  fashion  to  the  head  but  more 
strongly  and  having  in  addition  a  moderately  coarse  and  very  close 
punctuation  of  medium  depth,  more  pronounced  at  sides  and  base. 
Elytra  distinctly  but  rather  finely  striate,  the  striae  with  rows  of 
moderately  small,  approximate,  elongate  punctures,  interstitial  spaces 
minutely  transversely  rugose.  Hind  tibia  curved  and  carinate  or 
grooved,  the  femur  enlarged,  with  a  rather  small  tooth  and  a  row  of 


WICKHAM:    NEW  MIOCENE   COLEOPTERA   FROM   FLORISSANT.     481 

four  sharp  subequal  denticles.  Sternal  pieces  and  first  abdominal 
segment  finely  and  closely  punctured,  the  remainder  of  the  abdomen 
less  distinctly.  Length,  to  apex  of  abdomen,  5.50  mm.;  to  elytral 
apex,  5  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen  with  counterpart. 

Type.— No.  2,647,  2,648  M  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  11,269 
and  13,031  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.).  The  same  species  is  represented  by 
No.  2,649  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  8,428  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

A  fine  species  belonging,  by  its  antennal  characters,  with  B.  exhuma- 
tus  and  B.  scudderi  from  these  shales,  though  larger  than  either  and 
differing  in  punctuation  from  both  of  them.  An  interesting  feature 
is  shown  by  the  exposure  of  the  hind  femur  which  exhibits  an  arrange- 
ment of  tooth  and  denticles  similar  to  that  seen  in  many  recent 
forms. 

BRUCHUS  SUBMERSUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  13,  fig.  7. 

Form  stout,  but  the  body  is  so  much  crushed  as  to  obscure  the  exact 
outline.  Head  minutely  punctulate.  Antennae  long  and  slender, 
not  serrate.  Pronotum  with  moderate  sized  round  punctures,  rather 
crowded  near  the  base  and  sides,  much  finer  anteriorly.  Elytra  with 
very  large  epipleural  lobe,  strongly  striate  on  the  disk  and  sides,  the 
striae  becoming  evanescent  apically,  strial  punctures  hardly  wider 
than  the  striae,  those  of  each  row  near  together.  Interstitial  spaces 
broad  and  flat,  minutely  roughened  and  finely  hairy.  Sternal  pieces 
and  abdomen  almost  smooth.  Hind  femur  strongly  swollen  and  not 
visibly  toothed,  the  tibia  curved,  with  a  sharp  apical  spine.  Fore  and 
middle  legs  moderately  slender,  hairy.  Length,  as  preserved,  5.15 
mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,650  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  11,279  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

Probably  the  best  place  for  this  is  next  to  B.  henshawi  with  which  it 
agrees  in  the  stout  form  and  rounded  elytral  strial  punctures  but  the 
present  species  is  larger,  the  strial  punctures  are  relatively  smaller 
and  less  conspicuous  and  the  hind  femur  is  very  much  more  expanded. 
The  great  development  of  the  epipleural  lobe  is  noteworthy. 


482  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

BRUCHUS  CARPOPHILOIDES,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  13,  fig.  8. 

Form  slightly  elongate.  Head  too  poorly  preserved  for  description. 
Antennae  showing  only  a  few  of  the  intermediate  joints  which  are  not 
serrate  but  are  quite  broad.  Prothorax  produced  at  the  middle  of 
the  base  into  an  obtuse  lobe,  the  disk  rather  finely  and  sparsely,  not 
deeply  punctate,  the  sides  more  strongly  and  closely.  Scutellum  not 
visible.  Elytra  strongly  truncate  at  the  apices,  punctatostriate,  the 
striae  not  deep  but  rather  broad,  the  punctures  about  as  wide  as  the 
striae,  very  slightly  elongate,  those  of  the  same  row  practically  contigu- 
ous. Interstitial  areas  flat,  well  clothed  with  short  dark  hair.  Pygi- 
dium  with  fine  and  shallow  but  close  punctuation.  Legs  wanting. 
Length,  as  preserved,  3.90  mm. ;  to  elytral  tips,  3  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type  —  No.  2,651  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  7,555  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.).  It  is  likely  that  No.  2,653  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  5,393  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.)  represents  the  same  species,  while  No.  2,652  (No.  7,332 
S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.)  certainly  belongs  here. 

Related  in  most  of  its  characters  to  B.  henshaici,  but  is  smaller  and 
relatively  more  slender,  the  prothorax  shining,  with  finer  and  sparser 
punctuation.  In  B.  henshawi,  the  strial  punctures  of  the  elytra  are 
not  in  the  least  elongate  but  under  high  power  appear  a  trifle  transverse 
and  are  stronger  and  more  clearly  cut  than  in  the  present  species. 

BRUCHUS  ABORIGINALIS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  13,  fig.  5. 

Form  elongate,  much  broader  behind.  Head  covered  by  the  pro- 
jecting front  margin  of  the  prothorax.  Antennae  of  moderate  length, 
the  joints  rather  strongly  serrate,  the  intermediate  ones  longer  than 
wide,  the  remainder  not  well  defined.  Pronotum  with  the  front  mar- 
gin strongly  arcuate,  sides  divergent  posteriorly  to  the  hind  angles, 
base  arcuate  but  much  less  than  the  apex,  forming  an  obtuse  lobe. 

ntire  pronotal  surface  closely,  moderately  coarsely  and  distinctly 
punc  ured  clothed  with  short  dark  hairs.  Elytra  short,  truncate 

pically,  striae  not  deep  nor  distinct  though  rather  broad,  indistinctly 
punctate.  Interstitial  spaces  at  base  punctured  like  the  pronotum. 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.    483 

less  coarsely  towards  the  apex.  Pubescence  short,  dark  and  moder- 
ately sparse.  Middle  legs  slender,  tibiae  straight.  Hind  femur  not 
shown,  the  tibia  not  elongate  nor  curved,  the  right  one  showing 
the  apical  spine,  first  tarsal  joint  very  long  and  a  little  curved,  the 
remainder  poorly  shown.  Pygidium  minutely  alutaceous  and  hairy. 
Length,  to  tip  of  abdomen,  4.20  mm. ;  to  elytral  apex,  2.80  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,654  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  14,017  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

Entirely  different  from  any  of  the  other  Florissant  fossil  species 
in  the  combination  of  antennal  and  sculptural  characters.  At  first 
sight  it  looks  a  little  like  B.  carpophiloides. 


BRUCHUS  BOWDITCHI  Wickham. 

Four  specimens,  No.  2,655-2,658  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  2,969,  3,119,  8,610, 
9,151  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 


BRUCHUS  HENSHAWI  Wickham. 

Five  examples,  No.  2,659-2,663  M.  C.  Z.     (No.  8,397,  8,657,  8,834, 
8,841,  8,851  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 


BRUCHUS  HAYWARDI  Wickham. 

Represented  by  two  specimens.     No.  2,664,  2,665  M.  C.  Z.     (No. 
435, 13,585  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 


BRUCHUS  SCUDDERI  Wickham. 
One  specimen,  No.  2,666  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  8,332  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

BRUCHUS  WILSONI  Wickham. 

Three  specimens,  No.  2,667-2,669  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  4,826,  5,917, 9,569 
S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 


484  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

BRUCHUS  EXHUMATUS  Wickham. 

Five  specimens  No.  2,670-2,674  M.  C.  Z.     (No.  446,  1,154,  5,766, 
7,237,  10,920  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

BRUCHUS  FLORISSANTENSIS  Wickham. 

Three  examples,  No.  2,675-2,677  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  2,150,  8,744,  11,272 
S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

TENEBRIONIDAE. 
PROTOPLATYCERA,  gen.  nov. 

Aspect  tenebrionoid.  Integuments  heavy.  Form  probably  mod- 
erately slender,  the  prothorax  narrower  than  the  elytra.  Sculpture 
light  Head  rather  small,  eyes  nearly  circular,  separated  on  the  vertex 
by  about  the  width  of  one.  Antenna  with  the  two  (or  possibly  three 
^  the  second  may  be  small  and  inconspicuous)  basal  joints  slender' 
the  remainder  broad  and  flat,  proportioned  as  shown  in  the  figure. 

l  ype.  —  P.  latworms,  sp.  nov. 

PROTOPLATYCERA  LATICORNIS,  sp.  nov. 

Plate  14,  fig.  3^. 
Moderately  elongate,  as  preserved,  in  life  probably  less  •        Head 

T:^8L^Yid\Eyes  smai1'  SL^suSj 


Described  from  one  specimen 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.   485 

have  been  entirely  unable  to  find  any  modern  insect  with  antennae  of 
the  type  shown  by  the  fossil.  The  sculpture  is  obscure  but  there  is  no 
sign  of  striation  or  heavy  punctuation  on  any  part  of  the  body. 


EPHALUS  ADUMBRATUS  Scudder. 

The  reverse  of  the  specimen  which  served  as  the  type  for  Scudder's 
figure  is  in  the  series  transmitted  to  me.  It  is  No.  2,679  M.  C.  Z. 
(No.  6,469  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 


CISTELIDAE. 

ClSTELA   VULCANICA,   Sp.   HOV. 

Plate  14,  fig.  5. 

Form  elongate  oval.  Head  exposed,  projecting,  a  little  wider  than 
long,  mandibles  only  slightly  prominent.  Eyes  not  well  defined  but 
what  remains  indicates  that  they  were  rather  small  and  widely  sepa- 
rated on  the  vertex.  Antennae  long  and  slender,  only  very  feebly 
serrate  basally,  reaching  nearly  to  the  middle  of  the  elytra,  the  second 
joint  short,  those  following  the  third  subequal  in  length,  each  more 
1  than  twice  as  long  as  wide.  Prothorax,  as  preserved,  considerably 
'  more  than  twice  as  wide  as  long,  sides  in  rather  poor  condition  but  the 
better  preserved  one  indicates  that  they  were  gradually  rounded  from 
the  broad  base  to  the  much  narrower  apex.  Scutellum  subcordiform, 
small.  Elytra  a  little  less  than  four  times  the  prothoracic  length, 
rounded  at  apices.  Legs  not  displayed.  Length,  to  elytral  tip,  14 
mm. ;  of  elytron,  10.35  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen  with  counterpart. 
Type.—  No.  2,680,  2,681  M.  C.  Z.     Florissant,  Col.     (No.  416  and 
418  S.H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

The  entire  upper  surface  is  finely  sculptured  and  clothed  with 

rather  close   short  hairs.      The  insect   looks  a  good  deal  like  'the 

Florissant  fossil  C.  antiqua  but  has  longer  and  more  slender  antennae. 

-It  seems  that  the  two  are  probably  congeneric  and  may  possibly 

represent  the  two  sexes  of  a  single  species. 


486  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY 

ISOMIRA  FLORISSANTENSIS,   sp.   HOV. 

Plate  14,  fig.  6-7. 

Form  elongate  oval.  Head  rather  small,  eyes  not  prominent. 
Antennae  long  enough  to  reach  slightly  beyond  the  elytral  bases, 
relatively  a  little  stouter  than  in  the  recent  species  known  to  me  and 
with  the  third  joint  proportionately  shorter.  They  are  scarcely 
serrate  and  the  distal  joints  are  a  little  shortened.  Prothorax  about 
one  and  two  thirds  times  as  broad  as  long,  sides  regularly  rounding 
to  the  apex  which  is  much  narrower  than  the  base.  Elytra  each  about 
three  times  as  long  as  wide,  subparallel  anteriorly  to  behind  the  middle, 
apices  conjointly  rounded.  Legs  wanting  except  one  of  the  anterior 
pair  which  is  of  normal  build.  Length,  from  front  of  head  to  elytral 
apex,  8.35  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type  —  No.  2,682  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  510  S.  H.  Scud- 
der  Coll.). 

This  is  strikingly  like  our  common  recent  /.  sericca,  (Cistcla  scricea 
Say)  in  appearance,  but  is  larger.  The  weak  sculpture  of  this  genus 
is  not  preserved  in  the  fossil. 


HYMENORUS  HAYDENI,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  14,  fig.  8. 

Form  moderately  elongate  and  apparently  subparallel  although  the 
insect  is  preserved  lying  partly  upon  one  side  and  the  exact  shape  is 
thus  obscured.  Head  rather  large,  though  neither  as  long  nor  as  wide 
as  the  prothorax,  eyes  of  good  size,  somewhat  narrowly  separated, 
surface  sculpture  obliterated.  Antennae  slender,  the  joints  following 
the  third  subequal  in  length,  as  far  as  shown,  and  fully  twice  as  long  as 
wide.  If  extended  backward,  the  apex  of  the  seventh  joint  would 
reach  about  to  the  basal  prothoracic  margin.  Prothorax,  as  preserved, 
somewhat  less  than  one  and  one  half  times  as  wide  as  long.  Elytra 
approximately  three  times  as  long  as  the  prothorax,  fairly  sharply 
pointed  at  apex,  surface  very  obscurely  striate  but  without  visible 
punctuation.  The  entire  insect  appears  to  be  scabrous,  but  this  is 
probably  due  to  the  texture  of  the  stone  and  the  rather  soft  consis- 
tency of  the  integuments  before  fossilization.  Length,  7.15  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.    487 

Tit  pi'.—  No.  2,683  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  4,412  S.  H. 
ScudderColl.). 

This  has  all  the  appearance  of  a  cistelid  of  the  general  type  of  Hy- 
menorus.  It  is  easily  distinguished  from  Isomira  florissantensis  by 
the  different  antennae. 

The  name  is  given  in  memory  of  the  late  Dr.  F.  V.  Hay  den. 


OEDEMERIDAE. 

COPIDITA   MIOCENICA,    Sp.   ttOV. 

Plate  15,  fig.  1-2. 

Form  elongate  and  rather  slender.  Head  long,  muzzle  strongly 
projecting.  Eye  not  shown  in  entirety.  Antennae  rather  short,  the 
distal  joints  visibly  shorter  than  the  subbasal  ones,  serration  slight. 
Prothorax,  as  preserved,  distinctly  longer  than  broad,  the  sides  not 
in  good  enough  condition  to  be  certain  of  their  form.  Elytra  about 
four  and  two  thirds  times  as  long  as  the  prothorax,  sides  parallel, 
apices  bluntly  rounded.  Legs  slender  but  not  very  long.  Length,  to 
olytral  apices,  11.90  mm.;  of  elytron,  8.35  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,684  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  12,481  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

This  insect  must  have  been  of  about  the  same  build  as  the  recent 
Colorado  species,  C.  bicolor  and  C.  obscura.  The  entire  upper  surface 
of  the  body  was  clothed  with  short  hairs,  sparsely  preserved  but  per- 
haps more  numerous  in  life.  The  antennae  and  legs  are  covered  with 
much  finer  and  closer  hairs.  The  similarity  of  antennal  structure  in 
the  recent  and  fossil  species  is  quite  pronounced,  as  far  as  the  joints 
can  be  definitely  made  out  but  unfortunately  the  entire  base  is  poorly 
exhibited  upon  the  stone.  The  sculpture  was  evidently  faint  as 
nothing  but  the  merest  traces  of  fine  punctuation  can  be  distinguished. 

PALOEDEMERA,  gen.  nov. 

Form  stout.  Mandibles  prominent.  Elytra  apparently  not  much 
if  at  all  narrowed  apically.  Legs  stout,  posterior  with  strongly  thick- 
ened and  toothed  femur,  tibia  curved  and  produced  at  apex,  tarsus 


488  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

moderately  broad,  first  and  fourth  joints  longer,  the  latter  of  greatei 
length  and  more  slender. 

Type. —  P.  crassipes,  sp.  nov. 

PALOEDEMERA  CRASSIPES,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  16,  fig.  3^. 

Body  of  heavy  build.  Head  prominent,  mandibles  projecting. 
Eye  elliptical  or  nearly  so,  rather  large.  Antenna  showing  only  the 
four  proximal  joints,  which  are  stout,  the  third  shorter  than  the  fourth. 
Prothorax,  in  side  view,  not  arched  along  the  back,  finely  scabrous. 
Elytron  long,  tip  obtusely  rounded,  sculpture  fine  and  scabrous,  about 
like  that  of  the  prothorax.  Fore  leg  moderately  stout,  tibia  straight, 
tarsus  not  expanded,  hind  leg  as  described  in  the  generic  diagnosis. 
Length,  to  elytral  tip,  16.90  mm.;  of  elytron,  13  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen  with  counterpart. 

Type.—  No.  2,685,  2,686  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  1,000 
and  1,001  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

This  assignment  to  the  Oedemeridae  must  be  taken  with  caution. 
There  is  very  little  to  go  upon  aside  from  the  texture  of  the  body  and 
the  thickening  of  the  hind  femur.  The  latter  character  has  chiefly 
influenced  my  decision.  While  the  family  position  must  be  considered 
purely  provisional,  the  insect  seems  sufficiently  remarkable  to  deserve 
a  name.  The  hind  femur  is  detached  and  at  a  slightly  lower  level  in  the 
stone,  but  I  think  it  belongs  with  the  rest  of  the  specimen. 


MORDELLIDAE. 

TOMOXIA   INUNDATA,    Sp.    nOV. 

Plate  15,  fig.  5. 

Preserved  in  profile.  Form  somewhat  more  than  usually  elongate. 
Head  small,  antenna  long  and  slender,  about  equal  to  the  thoracic 
height.  Prothorax  strongly  arched.  Elytra  bluntly  rounded  at  apex, 
surface  with  very  fine  and  weak  indications  of  striae.  Legs  in  a  rather 
hazy  state  of  preservation  and  evidently  somewhat  shifted  but  the 
hind  pair  is  shown  to  be  of  normal  form  with  long  tarsi.  Abdomen 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.    489 

projecting  far  beyond  the  elytral  apex.  Length,  to  abdominal  tip, 
8.75  mm. ;  of  elytron,  6.50  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen  with  counterpart. 

Type  —  No.  2,687,  2,688  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  7,972 
and  7,976  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

This  is  very  easily  separable  from  the  other  Florissant  species  of  the 
family  by  the  much  greater  size  and  more  elongate  form.  It  looks 
like  the  recent  T.  hilaris,  found  in  our  eastern  states. 


MORDELLA   STYGIA,    sp.   nov. 

Plate  15,  fig.  6. 

Form  stout.  Head  mutilated.  Antennae  slender,  the  nine  joints 
which  are  visible  subequal  in  length  and  hardly  incrassate  distally. 
Pronotum  rather  strongly  arched,  minutely  and  closely  punctulate, 
too  finely  for  definition  under  a  hand  lens.  Elytron  rounded  at  tip, 
relatively  long,  sculpture  of  the  same  nature  as  that  of  the  prothorax 
but  even  less  pronounced.  Under  surface  of  body  somewhat  rugosely 
punctulate  on  the  meso-  and  metasternal  flanks,  less  strongly  and  a 
little  less  closely  on  the  abdomen.  Anal  style  short  and  stout.  Legs 
small,  not  very  stout.  Length,  to  elytral  apex,  4.35  mm.;  of  elytron, 
3.20  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type  — No.  2,689  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  9,968  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

There  should  be  no  difficulty  in  recognizing  this  species.  It  is 
considerably  smaller  than  the  Florissant  fossil  Mordella  lapidicola  and 
much  larger  than  either  of  the  two  species  of  Mordellistena  described 
from  these  shales.  I  have  placed  it  in  the  former  genus,  in  preference 
to  the  latter,  on  account  of  its  size  and  rather  heavy  build. 


MORDELLISTENA  SCUDDERIANA  Wickham. 

Four  specimens,  No.  2,690-2,693  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  5,425, 6,269, 10,241, 
11,186  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.),  none  with  counterparts. 


490  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

ANTHICIDAE. 

LITHOMACRATRIA,  gen.  nov. 

Form  similar  to  Corphyra.  Antennae,  in  general,  of  the  type  seen 
in  the  modern  genus  Macratria  but  more  highly  differentiated,  the 
distal  three  joints  much  longer  than  all  of  the  remainder,  slightly  in- 
crassate.  Prothorax  short,  transverse,  not  elongate  as  in  Macratria.  I 

Type. —  L.  mirabilis,  sp.  nov. 

LITHOMACRATRIA  MIRABILIS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  16,  fig.  1-2. 

Form  moderately  stout.  Head  not  enlarged,  tempora  rounded, 
surface  nearly  smooth  but  with  a  visible  alutaceous  sculpture.  Pal- 
pus, probably  maxillary,  enlarged  apically.  Antennae  moderately 
long,  reaching,  in  life,  about  to  the  base  of  the  elytra,  joints  two  toj 
eight  short,  subequal,  not  serrate,  ninth  and  tenth  each  about  equal 
to  the  sixth,  seventh,  and  eighth  united,  eleventh  more  than  four 
fifths  as  long  as  the  combined  ninth  and  tenth,  these  distal  three 
joints  only  a  little  broader  than  the  others.  Prothorax  about  as  long 
as  the  head,  sculpture  minute.  Elytra  about  three  and  one  half  times 
as  long  as  the  prothorax,  finely  punctulate  and  moderately  closely  I 
clothed  with  brownish  hairs  which  do  not  at  all  conceal  the  surface. 
Abdomen  alutaceous.  Legs  not  very  well  preserved,  fairly  slender. 
Length,  as  preserved,  7.30  mm.;  of  elytron,  4.60  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen  with  counterpart. 

Type.—  No.  2,694,  2,695  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  11,257 
and  13,655  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

My  idea  is  that  this  fossil  should  belong  near  Macratria,  but  the 
basis  for  this  opinion  rests  mostly  upon  the  type  of  antennal  structure. 
The  aspect  is  decidedly  more  that  of  Corphyra  and  the  size  also  corre- j 
sponds  better  with  the  latter  genus.     It  seems,  by  description,  toj 
differ  from  M .  gigantea  in  being  smaller  and  having  a  different  protho- 
rax and  antennae,  but  the  type  of  M.  gigantea  is  not  now  at  hand  for' 
comparison. 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.   491 

CORPHYRA   CALYPSO,    Sp.    nOV. 

Plate  16,  fig.  3^. 

Form  moderately  robust.  Head  small,  eyes  destroyed  but  the 
orbits  indicate  that  they  were  of  good  size.  Antenna  only  slightly 
serrate,  slender  but  not  very  long,  the  basal  joints  in  poor  condition, 
the  intermediate  ones  about  one  and  one  half  times  as  long  as  wide. 
Pro  thorax  suborbicular,  sculpture  obliterated.  Elytra  four  times  as 
long  as  the  prothorax,  sides  subparallel,  apices  bluntly  rounded,  sculp- 
ture very  obscure,  apparently  a  confused  close  punctuation  or  rugosity, 
two  or  three  longitudinal  lines  showing  on  each  which  are  probably 
due,  in  part  at  least,  to  underlying  wing  veins.  Fore  leg,  the  only  one 
showing,  rather  short  and  quite  stout.  Length,  as  preserved,  8.50 
mm.;  to  elytral  apex,  8.40  mm. ;  of  elytron,  5.70  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,696  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  8,706  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

The  form,  size,  and,  as  far  as  shown,  the  sculpture,  are  those  of 
Corphyra.  The  antennae  agree  very  well  if  we  assume  that  the  third 
joint  is  broken  off  in  the  middle  and  that  the  break  immediately  pre- 
ceding the  first  of  these  sections  represents  the  place  of  the  second 
joint.  The  small  head  makes  it  unlikely  that  the  insect  is  a  meloide. 


MELOIDAE. 

TETRAONYX  MINUSCULA,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  16,  fig.  5. 

Preserved  in  profile.  Form  moderately  stout.  Head  large,  finely 
punctate  and  clothed  with  sparse  blackish  hairs.  Antennae  showing 
the  distal  six  joints  which  increase  in  length  apically  and  are  sub- 
moniliform.  Prothorax  higher  than  long,  surface  shining  like  that  of 
the  head,  punctuation*  fine  and  sparse,  giving  rise  to  long  dark  hairs  of 
greater  length  than  those  on  the  head.  Elytron  finely,  sparsely  punc- 
tured and  hairy,  the  hairs  shorter  than  those  of  the  prothorax  or  less 
well  preserved.  Legs  rather  stout  and  clothed  with  sparse  dark  hairs. 
Abdomen  and  side-pieces  of  the  meso-  and  metasternum  obscurely 
punctate  and  nearly  smooth  except  that  a  few  hairs  may  be  seen  in 


492  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

places.  Length,  to  abdominal  apex,  7.75  mm.  If  the  head  were  in 
the  presumed  natural  position,  instead  of  being  deflexed,  the  length 
would  be  about  1  mm.  greater. 

Described  from  one  specimen,  with  counterpart. 

Type  — No.  2,697,  2,698  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  8,312 
and  8,317  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.).  No.  2,699  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  1,526  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.)  is  probably  a  poorly  preserved  example  of  the  same 
species. 

While  this  insect  is  a  little  smaller  than  the  recent  T.  fuha  of  New 
Mexico,  it  resembles  it  quite  closely  in  form  and  has  similar  vestiture. 
The  relative  size  of  the  head  is  about  the  same  in  the  two  species  and 
except  that  the  joints  are  shorter  in  the  fossil  the  antennae  are  not 
unlike.  No  true  generic  characters  are  to  be  made  out,  but  the  general 
resemblance  to  Tetraonyx  is  very  well  marked. 


EPICAUTA  SUBNEGLECTA,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  16,  fig.  6. 

Preserved  in  side  view.  Form  quite  stout.  Head  very  poorly  out- 
lined and  not  showing  the  shape  of  the  eyes  but  it  is  only  of  moderate 
size  and  without  definite  sculpture  though  appearing  subrugose  under 
high  power.  Antennae  showing  only  a  few  of  the  proximal  joints 
which  are  strongly  hairy.  Prothorax  nearly  smooth  but  with  many 
rather  long  hairs.  Elytra  similarly  clothed  and  not  visibly  punctate. 
Legs  rather  slender.  Length,  to  abdominal  apex,  6.50  mm. ;  of  elytron, 
4.30  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen  with  counterpart. 

Type.—  No.  2,700,  2,701  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  478  and 
4,278  S.H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

This  is  rather  small  for  an  Epicauta.  It  has  the  shaggy  look  of  the 
recent  North  American  E.  puncticollis.  The  generic  reference  may 
have  to  be  changed  if  more  perfect  material  becomes  available. 

CANTHARIS  LITHOPHILUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  16,  fig.  7. 

Form  slender.  Head  small  for  the  genus  roughly  suborbicular. 
Eyes  not  well  defined.  Antennae  short  and  stout  as  in  several  recent 


WICKHAM:  NEW  MIOCENE  COLEOPTERA  FROM  FLORISSANT.    493 

species  of  the  genus,  reaching  but  little  beyond  the  prothoracic  base. 
Prothorax  rounded,  base  a  little  narrower  than  the  apex.  Elytra  elon- 
gate, finely  scabrous  with  a  faint  costulate  effect.  The  entire  upper 
surface  of  the  body  is  sprinkled  with  fairly  long  blackish  hairs,  most 
likely  the  remains  of  a  closer  covering.  Legs  poorly  preserved,  rather 
slender,  hairy.  Length,  as  preserved,  10.40  mm.;  to  elytral  apices, 
8.85  mm.;  of  elytron,  6.30  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type  —  No.  2,702  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  10,420  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.).  No.  2,703,  2,704  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  6,608,  10,917  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.),  represent  the  same  species. 

I  think  there  is  but  little  doubt  of  this  being  a  meloid,  and  it  seems 
placed  better  in  Cantharis  than  elsewhere.  The  short  antennae  and 
costulate  elytra  are  seen  in  C.  sphaericollis,  common  today  in  the 
vicinity  of  Florissant,  but  the  fossil  has  a  somewhat  differently  shaped 
head  and  pro  thorax,  finer  sculpture,  and  apparently  coarser  vestiture. 


OTIORHYNCHIDAE. 
CYPHUS  FLORISSANTENSIS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  16,  fig.  8. 

Form  moderately  stout.  Beak  short  without  basal  constriction  of 
any  kind  but  merging  gradually  into  the  head,  marked  by  a  fine  median 
line  which  extends  back  to  a  point  about  even  with  the  hind  margin 
of  the  small  round  eyes.  Antennae  long,  the  scape  slender,  passing 
the  middle  of  the  eye,  funicular  joints  much  longer  than  wide,  club 
oval,  pointed.  Prothorax  broader  than  the  head,  base  and  apex  about 
equal,  sides  regularly  but  not  strongly  arcuate,  surface  finely  granulose. 
Elytra  broken  at  apices  but  evidently  narrowed  behind  the  middle, 
each  with  about  eight  series  of  small,  sharp,  rounded  punctures,  ar- 
ranged in  regular  striae,  those  in  each  row  separated  ordinarily  by  a 
little  less  than  their  own  diameters.  Interspaces  broad,  flat  and  nearly 
smooth.  Legs  poorly  preserved  but  stout.  Length  of  fragment,  9 
mm.;  in  life  about  9.75  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.— No.  2,705  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Col.  (No.  8,029  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

Resembles  Cyphus  in  the  form  of  the  body  but  differs  from  recent 


494  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

species  of  that  genus  in  the  long,  slender  antennae.  Compared  with 
the  otiorhynchids  described  by  Dr.  Scudder,  it  seems  to  be  nearest 
Evopes  veneratus  but  the  present  species  is  larger,  more  finely  and 
closely  punctured  on  the  elytra  and  with  straight  instead  of  geniculate 
antennae. 

ANTHRIBIDAE. 

BRACHYTARSUS  (?)  DUBIUS  Wickham. 

A  single  specimen,  No.  2,706  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  3,425  S.  H.  Scudder 
Coll.),  is  contained  in  the  series.     It  is  a  little  smaller  than  my  type. 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATES. 
PLATE  1. 


WICKHAM:  —  New  Miocene  Coleoptera  from  Florissant. 


PLATE  1. 

Fig.  1.  Bidessus  laminarum. 

Fig.  2.  Hydroporus  sedimentorum. 

Fig.  3.  Silpha  beutenmueller'. 

Fig.  4.  Coccinella  florissantensis. 

Fig.  5.  Tritoma  diluviana. 

Fig.  6.  Tritoma  diluviana,  antenna. 

Fig.  7.  Rbagoderidea  striata. 

Fig.  8.  Rhagoderidea  striata,  right  antenna. 

Fig.  9.  Rhagoderidea  striata,  left  antenna. 


Bull.   Mus.  Comp.  Zool. 


Miocene  Coleoptera  Plate   i 


PLATE  2. 


WICKHAM:  — New  Miocene  Coleoptera  from  Florissant. 


PLATE  2. 

Fig.  1.  Cryptophagus  scudderi. 

Fig.  2.  Cryptophagus  scudderi,  antenna. 

Fig.  3.  Corticaria  occlusa. 

Fig.  4.  Corticaria  egregia. 

Fig.  5.  Chelonarium  montanum. 

Fig.  6.  Miocyphon  punctulatus. 

Fig.  7.  Miocyphon  punctulatus,  antenna. 

Fig.  8.  Miocyphon  punctulatus,  elytral  punctuation. 

Fig.  9.  Eucnemis  antiquatus. 


Bull.  Mus.  Com  p.  Zool 


PLATE  3. 


WICKHAM:  —  New  Miocene  Coleoptera  from  Florissant. 


PLATE  3. 


Fig.  1. 
Fig.  2. 
Fig.  3. 
Fig.  4. 
Fig.  5. 
Fig.  6. 
Fig.  7. 


Dicerca  eurydice. 
Buprestis  florissantensis. 
Buprestis  scudderi. 
Chrysobothris  suppressa. 
Chrysobothris  coloradensis. 
Ptosima  silvatica. 
Agrilus  praepolitus. 


{till.   Mus.  Coinp.  Xool. 


Miocene  Coleoptera     Plate  3 


PLATE  4. 


WICKHAM:  —  New  Miocene  Coleoptera  from  Florissant. 


PLATE  4. 


Fig.  1.  Podabrus  fragmentatus. 

Fig.  2.  Podabrus  florissantensis. 

Fig.  3.  Telephorus  hesperus. 

Fig.  4.  Polemius  crassicornis. 

Fig.  5.  Protacnaeus  tenuicornis. 


Bull.  Mus.  Comp.  Zo61. 


Miocene  Coleoptera  Plate  4 


PLATE  6. 


WICKHAM:  — New  Miocene  Coleoptera  from  Florissant. 


PLATE  6. 

Fig.     1.  Miocaenia  pectinicornis. 

Fig.    2.  Miocaenia  pectinicornis,  tip  of  antenna. 

Fig.    3.  Collops  priscus. 

Fig.    4.  Collops  priscus,  antenna. 

Fig.    5.  Collops  desuetus. 

Fig.    6.  Collops  extrusus. 

Fig.    7.  Collops  extrusus,  antenna. 

Fig.    8.  Enoclerus  florissantensis. 

Fig.    9.  Enoclerus  pristinus. 

Fig.  10.  Necrobia  divinatoria. 

Fig.  11.  Necrobia  divinatoria,  antennal  apex. 


Bull-   Mas.  Conip.  Zool. 


Miocene  Coleoptera  Pl.Tte  ^ 


PLATE  6. 


WICKHAM:  —  New  Miocene  Coleoptera  from  Florissant 


PLATE  6. 

Fig.     1.  Ernobius  effetus. 

Fig.    2.  Oligomerus  florissantensis. 

Fig.    3.  Oligomerus  (?)  duratus. 

Fig.    4.  Amphicerus  sublaevis. 

Fig.    5.  Aphodius  mediaevus. 

Fig.    6.  Aphodius  mediaevus,  elytral  punctuation. 

Fig.    7.  Aphodius  mediaevus,  fore  leg. 

Fig.    8.  Aphodius  senex. 

Fig.    9.  Serica  antediluviana. 

Fig.  10.  Listrochelus  puerilis. 

Fig.  11.  Ligyrus  effetus. 


Bull.   Mus.  Comp.  Zo6l. 


Miocene  Coleopte.ra  Plate  6 


PLATE  7. 


WICKHAM:  — New  Miocene  Coleoptera  from  Florissant. 


PLATE  7. 


Fig.  1.  Oxyomus  nearcticus. 

Fig.  2.  Hoplia  striatipennis. 

Fig.  3.  Anomala  exterranea. 

Fig.  4.  Strategus  cessatus. 


lull.  Mus.  Comp.  Zool. 


Miocene  Coleoptera    Plate  7 


PLATE  8. 


WICKHAM:  — New  Miocene  Coleoptera  from  Florls 


PLATK  8 

Fig.   1.  MioJachnosterna  tristoides. 

Fig.  2.  Miolachnostema  tristoides,  hind  tarsus. 

Fig.  3.  Miolachnostema  tristoides,  fore  tibia. 

Fig.  4.  Anomala  scudderi. 

Fig.  5.  Anomala  scudderi,  claws  of  fore  tarsus. 

Fig.  (i.  Anomala  scudderi,  claws  of  middle  tarsus. 

Fig.  7.  Elaphidion  extinctum. 


Bull.  Mus.  Comp.  Zool. 


Miocene  Coleoptera    Plate  S 


PLATE  9. 


WtcKHAM:-New  Miocene  Coleoptera  from  Florissant. 


PLATE  9. 

Fig.  1.  Phymatodes  (?)  miocenicus. 

Fig.  2.  Stenosphenus  pristinus. 

Fig.  3.  Gaurotes  striatopunctatus. 

Fig.  4.  Leptura  nanella. 

Fig.  5.  Protipochus  vandykei,  antenna 


Bull.  MHS.  Comp.  Zool. 


Miocene  Coleoptera  Plate  9 


PLATE  10. 


WICKHAM:  —  New  Miocene  Coleoptera  from  Florissant. 


PLATE  10. 

Fig.  1.  Clytus  florissantensis. 

Fig.  2.  Leptura  ingenua. 

Fig.  3.  Protipochus  vandykei. 

Fig.  4.  Protipochus  vandykei,  middle  leg. 

Fig.  5.  Leptostylus  scudderi. 


Bui!-   Mus.  Conip.  Zoo). 


Miocene  Colcoptera   Plate  10 


PLATE  11. 


WICKHAM:  — New  Miocene  Coleoptera  from  Florissant. 


PLATE  11. 

Fig.  1.  Colaspis  diluvialis. 

Fig.  2.  Colaspis  proserpina. 

Fig.  3.  Diabrotica  florissantella. 

Fig.  4.  Diabrotica  bowditchiana. 

Fig.  5.  Diabrotica  uteana. 

Fig.  6.  Trirhabda  sepulta. 

Fig.  7.  Odontota  americana. 

Fig.  8.  Odontota  americana,  antenna. 

Fig.  9.  Odontota  americana,  antenna. 


Bull.   Mtis.  Comp.  Zool. 


Miocene  Coleoptera    Plate   11 


PLATE  12. 


WICKHAM:  — New  Miocene  Coleoptera  from  Florissant. 


PLATE  12. 


Fig.  1.  Trirhabda  majuscula. 

Fig.  2.  Trirhabda  megacephala. 

Fig.  3.  Prochaetocnema  florissantella. 

Fig.  4.  Plectrotetrophanes  hageni. 


Hull.   Mus.  Comp.  Zool. 


Miocene  Coleoptera  Plate  12 


PLATE  13. 


WICKHAM:  —  New  Miocene  Coleoptera  from  Florissant. 


PLATE  13 

Fig.  1.  Lema  fortior. 

Fig.  2.  Haltica  renovata. 

Fig.  3.  Spermophagus  pluto. 

Fig.  4.  Spermophagus  pluto,  antenna. 

Fig.  5.  Bruchus  aboriginalis. 

Fig.  6.  Bruchus  primoticus. 

Fig.  7.  Bruchus  submersus. 

Fig.  8.  Bruchua  carpophiloides. 


Bull.   Mus.  Comp.  Zool. 


Miocene  Coleoptera  Plate 


PLATE  14. 


WICKHAM:  — New  Miocene  Coleoptera  from  Florissant. 


PLATE  14. 

Fig.  1.  Bruchus  primoticus,  hind  leg. 

Fig.  2.  Bruchus  primoticus,  antenna. 

Fig.  3.  Protoplatycera  laticornis. 

Fig.  4.  Protoplatycera  laticornis,  antenna. 

Fig.  5.  Cistela  vulcanica. 

Fig.  6.  Isomira  florissantensis. 

Fig.  7.  Isomira  florissantensis,  antenna. 

Fig.  8.  Hymenorus  haydeni. 


Hull.    MIIR.  Conip.  Xool. 


Miocene  Coleoptera     Plate  14 


PLATE  16. 


WICKHAM:  — New  Miocene  Coleoptera  from  Florissant. 


PLATE  16. 

Fig.  1.  Copidita  miocenica. 

Fig.  2.  Copidita  miocenica,  antenna. 

Fig.  3.  Paloedemera  crassipes 

Fig.  4.  Paloedemera  crassipes,  hind  leg. 

Fig.  5.  Tomoxia  inundata. 

Fig.  6.  Mordella  stygia. 


nil.   Mus.  Comp.  Zool. 


Miocene  Coleoptera    Plate 


PLATE  16. 


—  New  Miocene  Coleoptera  from  Florissant, 


PLATE  16. 

Fig.  1.  Lithomacratria  mirabilis. 

Fig.  2.  Lithomacratria  mirabilis,  antenna. 

Fig.  3.  Corphyra  calypso. 

Fig.  4.  Corphyra  calypso,  antenna. 

Fig.  5.  Tetraonyx  minuscula. 

Fig.  6.  Epicauta  subneglecta. 

Fig.  7.  Cantharis  lithophilus. 

Fig.  8.  Cyphus  florissantensis. 


Bull.   Mus.  Cotnp.   Zool. 


Miocene  Coleoptera   Plate   16 


DATE  DUE 


UC  SOUTHERN  REGIONAL  LIBRARY  FACILI 


